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Optimization of Dye Extraction Conditions from (Camellia sinensis) Green Tea Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology
Corresponding Author(s) : Shaukat Ali
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 27 No. 11 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 11
Abstract
Natural dyes are potential source of colourants for textile industries. The aim of this study was to optimize the extraction conditions of natural dye from green tea leaves using response surface methodology. Extraction pH, time and material to liquor ratio (M:L) were taken as input variables in the central composite experimental design (CCD) and the colour strength (K/S) of the fabric dyed with the extracted colourant was taken as response. It was found that maximum colour strength of the extract could be obtained at 6.6 pH in about 1 h extraction time at 1:33 M:L. It was further found that effect of pH, time and M:L was significantly non-linear. The second order regression equation for K/S indicated 91 % variation in the response that could be explained by the terms included in the equation. The colourant extracted at the optimized conditions showed good washing, light and dry rubbing fastness but poor wet rubbing fastness.
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- K. Sinha, P.D. Saha and S. Datta, Ind. Crops Prod., 37, 408 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.12.032.
- R. Sivakumar, R. Javaprakasam, V. Renuga and C. Sasikumar, Asian J. Chem., 21, 5960 (2009).
- J. Peterson, J. Dwyer, S. Bhagwat, D. Haytowitz, J. Holden, A.L. Eldridge, G. Beecher and J. Aladesanmi, J. Food Compos. Anal., 18, 487 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2004.05.006.
- S.H. Kim, Fibers Polym., 7, 255 (2006); doi:10.1007/BF02875682.
- V. Sivakumar, J. Vijaeeswarri and J.L. Anna, Ind. Crops Prod., 33, 116 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.09.007.
- Y.H. Lee, E.K. Hwang, Y.J. Jung, S.K. Do and H.D. Kim, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 115, 2246 (2010); doi:10.1002/app.31357.
- B. Glover and J.H. Pierce, J. Soc. Dyers Colour, 109, 5 (1993); doi:10.1111/j.1478-4408.1993.tb01491.x.
- W.-Q. Guo, N.-Q. Ren, X.-J. Wang, W.-S. Xiang, J. Ding, Y. You and B.-F. Liu, Bioresour. Technol., 100, 1192 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.070.
- P.D. Haaland, Experimental Design in Biotechnology, CRC Press, New York, p. 259 (1989).
- B. Jaouachi, M.B. Hassen and F. Sakli, Autex Res. J., 7, 159 (2007).
- S. Branchu, R.T. Forbes, P. York and H. Niqvist, Pharm. Res., 16, 702 (1999); doi:10.1023/A:1018876625126.
- Q. Sun, W. Xiao, D. Xi, J. Shi, X. Yan and Z. Zhou, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35, 4076 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.145.
- H.-L. Liu, Y.-W. Lan and Y.-C. Cheng, Process Biochem., 39, 1953 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2003.09.018.
- N. Nasirizadeh, H. Dehghanizadeh, M.E. Yazdanshenas, M.R. Moghadam and A. Karimi, Ind. Crops Prod., 40, 361 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.03.035.
- P.K. Mishra, P. Singh, K.K. Gupta, H. Tiwari and P. Srivastava, Indian J. Fibre Text, 37, 83 (2012).
- F.-Y. Li, Q.-F. Yang, C.-H. Hong and Z.-L. Zhong, J. Fiber Bioeng. Inform., 3, 100 (2010); doi:10.3993/jfbi09201007.
- T. Bechtold, A. Mahmud-Ali and R. Mussak, Dyes Pigments, 75, 287 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2006.06.004.
References
K. Sinha, P.D. Saha and S. Datta, Ind. Crops Prod., 37, 408 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.12.032.
R. Sivakumar, R. Javaprakasam, V. Renuga and C. Sasikumar, Asian J. Chem., 21, 5960 (2009).
J. Peterson, J. Dwyer, S. Bhagwat, D. Haytowitz, J. Holden, A.L. Eldridge, G. Beecher and J. Aladesanmi, J. Food Compos. Anal., 18, 487 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2004.05.006.
S.H. Kim, Fibers Polym., 7, 255 (2006); doi:10.1007/BF02875682.
V. Sivakumar, J. Vijaeeswarri and J.L. Anna, Ind. Crops Prod., 33, 116 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.09.007.
Y.H. Lee, E.K. Hwang, Y.J. Jung, S.K. Do and H.D. Kim, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 115, 2246 (2010); doi:10.1002/app.31357.
B. Glover and J.H. Pierce, J. Soc. Dyers Colour, 109, 5 (1993); doi:10.1111/j.1478-4408.1993.tb01491.x.
W.-Q. Guo, N.-Q. Ren, X.-J. Wang, W.-S. Xiang, J. Ding, Y. You and B.-F. Liu, Bioresour. Technol., 100, 1192 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.070.
P.D. Haaland, Experimental Design in Biotechnology, CRC Press, New York, p. 259 (1989).
B. Jaouachi, M.B. Hassen and F. Sakli, Autex Res. J., 7, 159 (2007).
S. Branchu, R.T. Forbes, P. York and H. Niqvist, Pharm. Res., 16, 702 (1999); doi:10.1023/A:1018876625126.
Q. Sun, W. Xiao, D. Xi, J. Shi, X. Yan and Z. Zhou, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35, 4076 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.145.
H.-L. Liu, Y.-W. Lan and Y.-C. Cheng, Process Biochem., 39, 1953 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2003.09.018.
N. Nasirizadeh, H. Dehghanizadeh, M.E. Yazdanshenas, M.R. Moghadam and A. Karimi, Ind. Crops Prod., 40, 361 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.03.035.
P.K. Mishra, P. Singh, K.K. Gupta, H. Tiwari and P. Srivastava, Indian J. Fibre Text, 37, 83 (2012).
F.-Y. Li, Q.-F. Yang, C.-H. Hong and Z.-L. Zhong, J. Fiber Bioeng. Inform., 3, 100 (2010); doi:10.3993/jfbi09201007.
T. Bechtold, A. Mahmud-Ali and R. Mussak, Dyes Pigments, 75, 287 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2006.06.004.