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Vol. 27 No. 10 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 10

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Physico-Chemical Parameters and Heavy Metal Levels in Water and Fish Samples from River Jakara and Jakara Dam, Kano State, Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2015.18993
V.E. Agbazue
Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
N.R. Ekere
Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
M.I. Samira
Departmnt of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

Corresponding Author(s) : N.R. Ekere

nwachukwuekere64@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 27 No. 10 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 10

Abstract

The physico-chemical parameters and heavy metal levels in water samples from river Jakara and Jakara dam as well as in fish samples from the dam were determined during the wet and dry seasons of the year. From the results and the calculated t-value of the parameters, the physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals determined were generally higher in dry season than the wet season. The recorded pH ranged between 6.1 ± 0.2 to 8.45 ± 0.35, conductivity 970 ± 90 μS/cm to 3300 ± 60 μS/cm, dissolved oxygen 5.5 ± 0.5 mg/L to 12 ± 0.1 mg/L, hardness 42 ± 0.0 mg/L to 326 ± 74 mg/L while the concentration ranges of heavy metals in mg/L and mg/kg were as follows: Pb (0.035 ± 0.01 to 0.070 ± 0.01), Cr (0.115 ± 0.03 to 0.256 ± 0.0), Cu (0.049 ± 0.01 to 0.209 ± 0.04) and Pb (0.108 ± 0.0 to 0.323 ± 0.0), Cr (0.233 ± 0.0004 to 0.930 ± 0.0), Cu (0.484 ± 0.16 to 1.774 ± 0.163) in water and fish samples respectively. The results showed that temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, chloride, sulphate, nitrate were within World Health Organization/Standards Organization of Nigeria (WHO/SON) permissible limits for drinking water. However conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, TDS, turbidity and heavy metals (Fe, Cr, Pb) were outside (WHO/SON) permissible limits for drinking water; whereas Cu and Zn were within the standard. The heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr, Pb) concentrations in fish samples were within permissible limits set by WHO even though the transfer coefficients calculated revealed higher concentrations of heavy metals in fish than in water.

Keywords

Physico-chemical Parameters Heavy metals Pollution Transfer coefficient
Agbazue, V., Ekere, N., & Samira, M. (2015). Physico-Chemical Parameters and Heavy Metal Levels in Water and Fish Samples from River Jakara and Jakara Dam, Kano State, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 27(10), 3794–3798. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2015.18993
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