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Quantitative Estimation of Some Volatile N-Nitrosamines in Tobacco Smoke Using Validated GC-MS Method
Corresponding Author(s) : Imeda Rubashvili
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 27 No. 10 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 10
Abstract
The aim of this work was the quantitative estimation of some volatile N-nitrosamines in tobacco smoke of local cigarette different brands using an efficient, rapid and sensitive GC-MS method. The chromatographic system suitability was tested by using the following characteristics. The RSD, % of peak areas (five replicate injections) was < 2.0 %; The RSD, % of retention times < 1.0 %; the number of theoretical plates was > 2000; the tailing factor < 2.0; the resolution between the two nearest peaks > 2.0 for all N-nitrosamines. The calibration curve was linear over a concentration range 0.5-100 μg mL-1 with a correlation coefficient > 0.99. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.25 and 0.5 μg mL-1, respectively. The determined quantities of some volatile N-nitrosamines e.g., N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosomethylethylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine in tobacco smoke vary 190-320, 87-119 and 99-166 ng/cigarette, respectively.
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References
K. Hiramoto, T. Ohkawa and K. Kikugawa, Free Radic. Res., 35, 803 (2001); doi:10.1080/10715760100301301.
A.R. Scanlan, Nitrosamines and Cancer, The Linus Pauling institute (2011); http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/f-w00/nitrosamine.html.
M.M. Mangino and A.R. Scanlan, ACS Symposium Series, 174, 229 (1981).
G. Neurath, B. Pirmann, W. Lüttich and H. Wichern, Beitr. Tabakforsch., 3, 251 (1965).
Q. Ma, H.-W. Xi, C. Wang, H. Bai, G.-C. Xi, N. Su, L.-Y. Xu and J.-B. Wang, Chinese J. Anal. Chem., 39, 1201 (2011); doi:10.1016/S1872-2040(10)60466-5.
C.L. Walters, E.M. Johnson and N. Ray, Analyst, 95, 485 (1970); doi:10.1039/an9709500485.
M.T. Matyska, J.J. Pesek and L. Yang, J. Chromatogr. A, 887, 497 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00451-9.
P.J. Sanches Filho, A. Rios, M. Valcárcel, K.D. Zanin and E. Bastos Caramão, J. Chromatogr. A, 985, 503 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01825-3.
G. Bellec, J.M. Cauvin, M.C. Salaun, K. Le Calvé, Y. Dréano, H. Gouérou, J.F. Ménez and F. Berthou, J. Chromatogr. A, 727, 83 (1996); doi:10.1016/0021-9673(95)01073-4.
A. Chen, H.J. Huebschmann, L. Fangyan, C.Y. Foong and C.S. Harn, High Sensitivity Analysis of Nitrosamines Using GC-MS/MS, Alpha Analytical Pte. Ltd., Thermo Fisher Scientific, Health Sciences Authority, HAS Singapore (2012).
D.K. Brunnemann and D. Hoffmann, Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 21, 235 (1991); doi:10.3109/10408449109017910.
A. Sannino and L. Bolzoni, Food Chem., 141, 3925 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.070.
T.H. Seyler, J.G. Kim, J.A. Hodgson, E.A. Cowan, B.C. Blount and L. Wang, J. Anal. Toxicol., 37, 195 (2013); doi:10.1093/jat/bkt020.
H. Zhao, X. Wang, P. Wang, Y. Zhou, C. Xue and L. Jiang, Chinese J. Chromatogr., 31, 223 (2013); doi:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2012.10020.
J.W. Munch and M.V. Bassett, E.P.A. Document, #:EPA/600/R-05/054: Method 521: Determination of Nitrosamines in Drinking Water by Solid Phase Extraction and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography with Large Volume Injection and Chemical Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) (Version 1.0) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2012).
Guide to the Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty for Quantitative Test Results, European Federation of National Associations of Measurement, Testing and Analytical Laboratories, Technical Report No. 1/2006, EUROLAB Technical Secretariat, Paris (2006).
Guide for Evaluation of Uncertainty in Calibration, International Accreditation Service, INC, CA 90601 USA (2008).
ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guideline: Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology, Q2 (R1) (2005).
J. Ermer and J.H. Miller, Method Validation in Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, p. 403 (2005).
E. Guide, The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods–A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics, edn 2 (2014).