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Vol. 34 No. 6 (2022): Vol 34 Issue 6

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Feasibility and Environmental Compatibility of Concrete using Chromium Bearing Wastewater

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23695
Sudhansu Sekhar Biswal
Department of Chemistry (Environmental Science), Institute of Technical Education and Research (ITER), Siksha ‘O’Anusndhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar-751030, India
Chittaranjan Panda
Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technical Education and Research (ITER), Siksha 'O' Anusndhan (Deemed to be Uuniversity), Bhubaneswar-751030, India
Priyanka Dash
Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technical Education and Research (ITER), Siksha 'O' Anusndhan (Deemed to be Uuniversity), Bhubaneswar-751030, India
Trilochan Jena
Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technical Education and Research (ITER), Siksha 'O' Anusndhan (Deemed to be Uuniversity), Bhubaneswar-751030, India
Smruti Ranjan Parida
Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research (ITER), Siksha 'O' Anusndhan (Deemed to be Uuniversity), Bhubaneswar-751030, India
Duryodhan Sahu
Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Science and Technology (Autonomous), Berhampur-761008, India

Corresponding Author(s) : Chittaranjan Panda

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 34 No. 6 (2022): Vol 34 Issue 6

Abstract

The effluents of chrome plating industry seepage contain toxic hexavalent chromium generally in the range of 100 to 300 mg/L. The said values of chromium are not advisable to dispose to surface water bodies or land and the treatment process of this wastewater is quite expensive. Herein, we found a course of action to reuse the wastewater in cement matrix in manufacturing concrete work. The M-30 grade concrete samples were casted with portland slag cement (PSC) at wastewater to binder ratio of 0.45. The technical compatibility of concrete specimen i.e. the chromium immobilization and other properties are well satisfied nevertheless a small decrease in hardened concrete values also observed. XRD study revealed that the hydration product Ca(OH)2 is replaced by more insoluble CaCrO4. Scanning electron microscopy study (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) study exhibited the immobilization of chromium and quantification of chromium content. The mortar samples from concrete after 56 days of air curing were subjected to toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test at pH 2.88. In addition, two days’ short tank leaching test was conducted with the concrete samples as a whole. The leachability of toxic Cr6+ found in the range 0.03-0.09 mg/L and the total chromium (TCr) values in the range 0.12 -0.17 mg/L, which are less than discharge standard as per EP Act (1986), India. All these leaching test results comply with the discharge norms to land and inland surface water, respectively. Thus, the concrete specimens using aforesaid wastewater satisfy the technical aspects and fulfil the environmental requirement.

Keywords

Chromium Leaching Immobilization Concrete Water treatment
Sekhar Biswal, S., Panda, C., Dash, P., Jena, T., Ranjan Parida, S., & Sahu, D. (2022). Feasibility and Environmental Compatibility of Concrete using Chromium Bearing Wastewater. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 34(6), 1483–1487. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23695
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