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Vol. 26 No. 20 (2014)

Copyright (c) 2014 M.J. Khurram1, M.K. Baloch1, L.C. Simon2

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Impact of Accelerated Weathering Conditions on Morphology and Degradation Kinetics of Polyethylene Carrying Bags

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2014.16508
M.J. Khurram1
1Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada 3Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sub-Campus Bhakkar, Pakistan *Corresponding author: Fax: +92 966 750255; Tel: +92 3339969737; E-mail: zebkhurram@yahoo.com
M.K. Baloch1
1Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada 3Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sub-Campus Bhakkar, Pakistan *Corresponding author: Fax: +92 966 750255; Tel: +92 3339969737; E-mail: zebkhurram@yahoo.com
L.C. Simon2
1Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada 3Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sub-Campus Bhakkar, Pakistan *Corresponding author: Fax: +92 966 750255; Tel: +92 3339969737; E-mail: zebkhurram@yahoo.com

Corresponding Author(s) : M.J. Khurram1

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 26 No. 20 (2014)

Abstract

Though the importance of the production of polyethylene carrying bags could not be denied yet their abundant use, non-biodegradability and stability against light and heat have created environmental as well as waste management problems. One of the solutions to these challenges is the recycling of the polymers. Therefore, two samples of commercially available polyethylene carrying bags processed in Pakistan (Y) and Canada (E) were exposed to accelerated weathering conditions like UV light, heat and condensation processes by keeping the sample in QUV chamber for 20 days. The analyses were made before, during and after the exposure employing FT-IR, TGA, DSC and SEM techniques. The results concluded that after the exposure, the type of the polymer has been changed from HDPE to LLDPE and LLDPE to LDPE for sample Y and E, respectively. It was observed that the degradation took place due to the formation of oxygenated products and their rate was increased in term of carbonyl index with the exposure time. The per cent crystallinity was increased, whereas the activation energy, order of reaction, melting point and thermal stability were decreased with the exposure time in both the samples. SEM analyses revealed that the degradation was instigated only from the preferential sites in sample Y, while in sample E the degradation proceeded in all directions. The impact of accelerated weathering conditions was greater on sample E than sample Y which were discussed and compared in the light of variation in the concentration of additives, molecular weight and poly-dispersity in the samples.

Keywords

Material testing Polyethylene carrying bags Accelerated weathering conditions Degradation kinetics Carbonyl index.
Khurram1, M., Baloch1, M., & Simon2, L. (2014). Impact of Accelerated Weathering Conditions on Morphology and Degradation Kinetics of Polyethylene Carrying Bags. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 26(20), 6695–6703. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2014.16508
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