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Rapid Electrochemical Phosphating at Room Temperature
Corresponding Author(s) : Q. Yang
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 26 No. 17 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 17
Abstract
The application of electrochemical method in phosphating treatment accelerates ion diffusion at room temperature. By applying this method the process can be completed within 10 min. After careful screening, the crystalline phosphate film exhibited the best comprehensive performance, under the condition where manganous dihydrogen phosphate concentration was 30-50 g/L, zinc nitrate concentration was 50-70 g/L, current density was 1.00-1.50 A dm-2 and electrochemical phosphorization time was 5-7 min at room temperature. In addition, the analytical studies indicated that the strong corrosion resistant phosphate film, which mainly contains O, Zn, P, Mn and Fe, is uniform compact and easy for the coat to adhere.
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- D.B. Freeman, Phosphating and Metal Pretreatment-A Guide to Modern Processes and Practice, Industrial Press Inc., New York (1986).
- W. Rausch, The Phosphating of Metals, Finishing Publications Ltd., London (1990).
- C. Rajagopal and K.I. Vasu, Coatings, A Reference for Phosphating, Chromating and Anodizing, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi (2000).
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- Y.H. Cui, Y.J. Feng and X.Y. Li, Chem. Eng. Technol., 34, 265 (2011); doi:10.1002/ceat.201000192.
- Y. Shimizu and I. Hirasawa, Chem. Eng. Technol., 35, 1588 (2012); doi:10.1002/ceat.201200074.
- H.-C. His, M.J. Rood, M. Rostam-Abadi and Y.-M. Chang, Qual. Res., 13, 730 (2013); doi:10.4209/aaqr.2012.07.0177.
- T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., 9, 130 (2005).
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- T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, S. Jegannathan and K. Ravichandran, Prog. Org. Coat., 55, 355 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.01.009.
- S. Jegannathan, T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, K. Ravichandran and S. Rajeswari, Surf. Coat. Technol., 200, 4117 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.04.022.
- S. Jegannathan, T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, K. Ravichandran and S. Rajeswari, Electrochim. Acta, 51, 247 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2005.04.020.
- D. Weng, P. Jokiel, A. Uebleis and H. Boehni, Surf. Coat. Technol., 88, 147 (1997); doi:10.1016/S0257-8972(96)02860-5.
- C.-M. Wang, H.-C. Liau and W.-T. Tsai, Surf. Coat. Technol., 201, 2994 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.06.010.
- L.Y. Niu, Z.H. Jiang, G.Y. Li, C.D. Gu and J.S. Lian, Surf. Coat. Technol., 200, 3021 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.10.119.
- Y. Totik, Surf. Coat. Technol., 200, 2711 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.10.004.
- G. Li, L. Niu, J. Lian and Z. Jiang, Surf. Coat. Technol., 176, 215 (2004); doi:10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00736-9.
- S. Jegannathan, T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, K. Ravichandran and S. Rajeswari, Surf. Coat. Technol., 200, 6014 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.09.017.
References
D.B. Freeman, Phosphating and Metal Pretreatment-A Guide to Modern Processes and Practice, Industrial Press Inc., New York (1986).
W. Rausch, The Phosphating of Metals, Finishing Publications Ltd., London (1990).
C. Rajagopal and K.I. Vasu, Coatings, A Reference for Phosphating, Chromating and Anodizing, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi (2000).
R. Chaiyont, C. Badoe, C. Ponce de León, J.L. Nava, F.J. Recio, I. Sirés, P. Herrasti and F.C. Walsh, Chem. Eng. Technol., 36, 123 (2013); doi:10.1002/ceat.201200231.
Y.H. Cui, Y.J. Feng and X.Y. Li, Chem. Eng. Technol., 34, 265 (2011); doi:10.1002/ceat.201000192.
Y. Shimizu and I. Hirasawa, Chem. Eng. Technol., 35, 1588 (2012); doi:10.1002/ceat.201200074.
H.-C. His, M.J. Rood, M. Rostam-Abadi and Y.-M. Chang, Qual. Res., 13, 730 (2013); doi:10.4209/aaqr.2012.07.0177.
T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., 9, 130 (2005).
S. Jegannathan, T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, K. Ravichandran and S. Rajeswari, Prog. Org. Coat., 57, 392 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.09.023.
T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, S. Jegannathan and K. Ravichandran, Prog. Org. Coat., 55, 355 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.01.009.
S. Jegannathan, T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, K. Ravichandran and S. Rajeswari, Surf. Coat. Technol., 200, 4117 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.04.022.
S. Jegannathan, T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, K. Ravichandran and S. Rajeswari, Electrochim. Acta, 51, 247 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2005.04.020.
D. Weng, P. Jokiel, A. Uebleis and H. Boehni, Surf. Coat. Technol., 88, 147 (1997); doi:10.1016/S0257-8972(96)02860-5.
C.-M. Wang, H.-C. Liau and W.-T. Tsai, Surf. Coat. Technol., 201, 2994 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.06.010.
L.Y. Niu, Z.H. Jiang, G.Y. Li, C.D. Gu and J.S. Lian, Surf. Coat. Technol., 200, 3021 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.10.119.
Y. Totik, Surf. Coat. Technol., 200, 2711 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.10.004.
G. Li, L. Niu, J. Lian and Z. Jiang, Surf. Coat. Technol., 176, 215 (2004); doi:10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00736-9.
S. Jegannathan, T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan, K. Ravichandran and S. Rajeswari, Surf. Coat. Technol., 200, 6014 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.09.017.