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Physical Properties and Characteristics of Salvia przewalskii Seed and Seed Oil
Corresponding Author(s) : Li Zhang
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 26 No. 16 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 16
Abstract
Physical properties and characteristics of Salvia przewalskii seed oil were investigated. The percentage composition of the S. przewalskii seeds is oil 28.38 % and crude protein content 29.44 %. The major nutrient element (mg/100 g) found in the seeds are potassium (915.7), magnesium (68.60), calcium (565.6). Physico-chemical properties of the oil include: ash-dry mater, 0.14 %; iodine value, 199.3 g/100 g of oil; the chlorophyll content 15.15 mg/100 g, etc. The oil shows absorbance in the UV ranges with potential use as a broad spectrum UV protectant. The oil contains high levels of a-linolenic acid (40.30 %), linoleic acid (28.65 %) and oleic acid (18.44 %), etc.
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- X.W. Li and I.C. Hedge, Flora of China, Vol.17, Science Press, Beijing, China and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, UK, pp. 196-223 (1994).
- X.R. Li, Y.J. Luo, L.J. Wang, Y.H. Li, Y.B. Shi, Y. Cui and M. Xue, J. Ethnopharmacol., 131, 110 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.06.012.
- A. Matkowski, S. Zielińska, J. Oszmiański and E. Lamer-Zarawska, Bioresour. Technol., 99, 7892 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.013.
- Z.G. Ma, Y.J. Yang, Y. Xie and X.Y. Feng, J. Lanzhou Med. Coll., 19, 212 (1993).
- Z.G. Qian and X.Y. Liang, Chin. J. Mod. Appl. Pharmacy, 20, 174 (2003).
- L.Y. Wang, M. Zhao, J.H. Wang, Q.J. Wei, P. Wu, D.N. Xu and H.W. Jia, J. Qinghai Med. Coll., 27, 262 (2006).
- I.A. Nehdi, Food Chem., 126, 197 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.099.
- N. Azcan, A. Ertan, B. Demirci and K.H.C. Baser, Chem. Nat. Comp., 40, 218 (2004); doi:10.1023/B:CONC.0000039127.56323.3e.
- E. Bagci, M. Vural, T. Dirmenci, L. Bruehl and K. Aitzetmüller, Z. Naturforsch. C, 59, 305 (2004).
- A.C. Gören, T. Kiliç, T. Dirmenci and G. Bilsel, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 34, 160 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.bse.2005.09.002.
- ISO Oilseeds, In: ISO 665: Determination of Moisture and Volatile Matter Content, International Organisation for Standardisation (2000).
- ISO Cereals, Pulses and By-Products, In: ISO 2171: Determination of Ash Yield by Incineration, International Organisation for Standardisation (2007).
- ISO, Animal Feeding Stuffs, In: ISO 6491: Determination of Phosphorus Content-Spectrometric Method, International Organisation for Standardisation (1998).
- ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils. In: ISO 660: Determination of Acid Value and Acidity, International Organisation for Standardisation (1996).
- ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils, In: ISO 3961: Determination of Iodine Value, International Organisation for Standardisation (1996).
- ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils, In: ISO 3657: Determination of Saponification Value, International Organisation for Standardisation (2002).
- ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils, In: ISO 3960: Determination of Peroxide Value, International Organisation for Standardisation (2001).
- ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils, In: ISO 3596: Determination of Unsaponifiable Matter-Method Using Diethyl Ether Extraction, International Organisation for Standardisation (2000).
- ISO, Vegetable Fats and Oils: In: ISO 29841: Determination of the Degradation Products of Chlorophylls A and A' (Pheophytins A, A' and Pyropheophytins), International Organisation for Standardisation (2009).
- BSEN, Fruit and Vegetable Juices, In: BSEN12136: Determination of Total Carotenoid Content and Individual Carotenoid Fractions, British Standards Institution (1998).
- IUPAC, Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivates(7th ed.). International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications Inc.: Oxford; England, 1992.
- V.Y. Ixtaina, M.L. Martínez, V. Spotorno, C.M. Mateo, D.M. Maestri, B.W.K. Diehl, S.M. Nolasco and M.C. Tomás, J. Food Compos. Anal., 24, 166 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2010.08.006.
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- S.J. Li, Z.M. Shu and L.Z. Wei, Acta Bot. Boreal-Occident Sin., 28, 1899 (2008).
- J.M. Serpeloni, D. Grotto, A.F. Aissa, A.Z. Mercadante, M.L.P. Bianchi and L.M.G. Antunes, Mutat. Res., 725, 50 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.06.009.
- T.J. McQuistan, M.T. Simonich, M.M. Pratt, C.B. Pereira, J.D. Hendricks, R.H. Dashwood, D.E. Williams and G.S. Bailey, Food Chem. Toxicol., 50, 341 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.065.
- N.B. Kyriakidis and P. Skarkalis, J. AOAC Int., 83, 1435 (2000).
- P.G. Peiretti and F. Gai, Animal Feed Sci. Technol., 148, 267 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.04.006.
- P.M. Kris-Etherton, T.A. Pearson, Y. Wan, R.L. Hargrove, K. Moriarty, V. Fishell and T.D. Etherton, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 70, 1009 (1999).
- N. Nasri, A. Khaldi, B. Fady and S. Triki, Phytochemistry, 66, 1729 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.05.023.
- E. Bruckert, Oléagineux Corps Gras Lipides, 8, 312 (2001).
- B.D. Oomah, M. Busson, D.V. Godfrey and J.C.G. Drover, Food Chem., 76, 33 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0308-8146(01)00245-X.
References
X.W. Li and I.C. Hedge, Flora of China, Vol.17, Science Press, Beijing, China and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, UK, pp. 196-223 (1994).
X.R. Li, Y.J. Luo, L.J. Wang, Y.H. Li, Y.B. Shi, Y. Cui and M. Xue, J. Ethnopharmacol., 131, 110 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.06.012.
A. Matkowski, S. Zielińska, J. Oszmiański and E. Lamer-Zarawska, Bioresour. Technol., 99, 7892 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.013.
Z.G. Ma, Y.J. Yang, Y. Xie and X.Y. Feng, J. Lanzhou Med. Coll., 19, 212 (1993).
Z.G. Qian and X.Y. Liang, Chin. J. Mod. Appl. Pharmacy, 20, 174 (2003).
L.Y. Wang, M. Zhao, J.H. Wang, Q.J. Wei, P. Wu, D.N. Xu and H.W. Jia, J. Qinghai Med. Coll., 27, 262 (2006).
I.A. Nehdi, Food Chem., 126, 197 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.099.
N. Azcan, A. Ertan, B. Demirci and K.H.C. Baser, Chem. Nat. Comp., 40, 218 (2004); doi:10.1023/B:CONC.0000039127.56323.3e.
E. Bagci, M. Vural, T. Dirmenci, L. Bruehl and K. Aitzetmüller, Z. Naturforsch. C, 59, 305 (2004).
A.C. Gören, T. Kiliç, T. Dirmenci and G. Bilsel, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 34, 160 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.bse.2005.09.002.
ISO Oilseeds, In: ISO 665: Determination of Moisture and Volatile Matter Content, International Organisation for Standardisation (2000).
ISO Cereals, Pulses and By-Products, In: ISO 2171: Determination of Ash Yield by Incineration, International Organisation for Standardisation (2007).
ISO, Animal Feeding Stuffs, In: ISO 6491: Determination of Phosphorus Content-Spectrometric Method, International Organisation for Standardisation (1998).
ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils. In: ISO 660: Determination of Acid Value and Acidity, International Organisation for Standardisation (1996).
ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils, In: ISO 3961: Determination of Iodine Value, International Organisation for Standardisation (1996).
ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils, In: ISO 3657: Determination of Saponification Value, International Organisation for Standardisation (2002).
ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils, In: ISO 3960: Determination of Peroxide Value, International Organisation for Standardisation (2001).
ISO, Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils, In: ISO 3596: Determination of Unsaponifiable Matter-Method Using Diethyl Ether Extraction, International Organisation for Standardisation (2000).
ISO, Vegetable Fats and Oils: In: ISO 29841: Determination of the Degradation Products of Chlorophylls A and A' (Pheophytins A, A' and Pyropheophytins), International Organisation for Standardisation (2009).
BSEN, Fruit and Vegetable Juices, In: BSEN12136: Determination of Total Carotenoid Content and Individual Carotenoid Fractions, British Standards Institution (1998).
IUPAC, Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivates(7th ed.). International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications Inc.: Oxford; England, 1992.
V.Y. Ixtaina, M.L. Martínez, V. Spotorno, C.M. Mateo, D.M. Maestri, B.W.K. Diehl, S.M. Nolasco and M.C. Tomás, J. Food Compos. Anal., 24, 166 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2010.08.006.
X.L. Zhou, H.Z. Sun, G. Xian and J.Y. Liu, Chin. Oils Fats, 36, 64 (2011).
S.J. Li, Z.M. Shu and L.Z. Wei, Acta Bot. Boreal-Occident Sin., 28, 1899 (2008).
J.M. Serpeloni, D. Grotto, A.F. Aissa, A.Z. Mercadante, M.L.P. Bianchi and L.M.G. Antunes, Mutat. Res., 725, 50 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.06.009.
T.J. McQuistan, M.T. Simonich, M.M. Pratt, C.B. Pereira, J.D. Hendricks, R.H. Dashwood, D.E. Williams and G.S. Bailey, Food Chem. Toxicol., 50, 341 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.065.
N.B. Kyriakidis and P. Skarkalis, J. AOAC Int., 83, 1435 (2000).
P.G. Peiretti and F. Gai, Animal Feed Sci. Technol., 148, 267 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.04.006.
P.M. Kris-Etherton, T.A. Pearson, Y. Wan, R.L. Hargrove, K. Moriarty, V. Fishell and T.D. Etherton, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 70, 1009 (1999).
N. Nasri, A. Khaldi, B. Fady and S. Triki, Phytochemistry, 66, 1729 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.05.023.
E. Bruckert, Oléagineux Corps Gras Lipides, 8, 312 (2001).
B.D. Oomah, M. Busson, D.V. Godfrey and J.C.G. Drover, Food Chem., 76, 33 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0308-8146(01)00245-X.