Copyright (c) 2014 AJC
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Preparation and Characterization of Ascorbic Acid Microcapsules Based on Gelatin Extracted from Tilapia Scale
Corresponding Author(s) : Xuan Ri Shen
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 26 No. 14 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 14
Abstract
Gelatin extracted from tilapia scale (FSG) is used to encapsulate ascorbic acid under ultrasonic to demonstrate that FSG is a promising wall material in microencapsulation. The microcapsules are prepared with 15 mg/mL of gelatin and factors including concentration of transglutaminase and ascorbic acid, amount of emulsifier and temperature of solidification that related to the encapsulation rate are studied. Finally, the microcapsule with the highest encapsulation rate of 81.17 % is spheroid with average particle size of 5.73 μm. The ascorbic acid retention in the microcapsule is 53.39 % at 5 °C and 5.79 % at 25 °C after 30 days of storage. While at 37 °C, it is only 10 h, the encapsulation rate of ascorbic acid reaches 41.08 %. Thus, controlled-release without phase separation is followed with time elapsed and could be adjusted by storage temperature. Gelatin extracted from tilapia scale is an applicable wall material in microencapsulation and the microcapsule has real potential to be used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industry.
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- J. Thodesen (Da-Yong Ma), M. Rye, Y.-X. Wang, K.-S. Yang, H.B. Bentsen and T. Gjedrem, Aquaculture, 322-323, 51 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.10.010.
- F. Zhang, S. Xu and Z. Wang, Food Bioprod. Process., 89, 185 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.fbp.2010.05.003.
- H. Yang and Y. Wang, Food Hydrocoll., 23, 577 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2008.04.016.
- H.S. Tabarestani, Y. Maghsoudlou, A. Motamedzadegan and A.R. Sadeghi Mahoonak, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 6207 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.071.
- M.H. Norziah, A. Al-Hassan, A.B. Khairulnizam, M.N. Mordi and M. Norita, Food Hydrocoll., 23, 1610 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2008.12.004.
- S.S. Choi and J.M. Regenstein, J. Food Sci., 65, 194 (2000); doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb15978.x.
- M.C. Gómez-Guillén, J. Turnay, M.D. Fernández-Díaz, N. Ulmo, M.A. Lizarbe and P. Montero, Food Hydrocoll., 16, 25 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0268-005X(01)00035-2.
- A.A. Karim and R. Bhat, Food Hydrocoll., 23, 563 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2008.07.002.
- T. Nagai, Food Chem., 68, 277 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0308-8146(99)00188-0.
- S. Benjakul, K. Oungbho, W. Visessanguan, Y. Thiansilakul and S. Roytrakul, Food Chem., 116, 445 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.02.063.
- N.F. Mohtar, C. Perera and S.-Y. Quek, Food Chem., 122, 307 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.02.027.
- S. Wangtueai and A. Noomhorm, LWT - Food Sci. Technol., 42, 825 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2008.11.014.
- K. Piez and J. Gross, J. Biol. Chem., 254, 995 (1960).
- A.I. Sarabia, M.C. Gómez-Guillén and P. Montero, Food Chem., 70, 71 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00073-X.
- H. Umer, H. Nigam, A.M. Tamboli and M.S.M. Nainar, Int. J. Res. Pharm. Biomed. Sci., 2, 474 (2011).
- W. Li, G. Wu, H. Chen and M. Wang, Colloids Surf. A, 333, 133 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.09.046.
- K.L. Keller and N.A. Fenske, J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 39, 611 (1998); doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(98)70011-8.
- K. Makino, T. Mizorogi, S. Ando, T. Tsukamoto and H. Ohshima, Colloids Surf. B, 22, 251 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0927-7765(01)00190-4.
- R.-N. Chen, H.-O. Ho and M.-T. Sheu, Biomaterials, 26, 4229 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.11.012.
- E.Y. Backheet, K.M. Emara, H.F. Askal and G.A. Saleh, Analyst, 116, 861 (1991); doi:10.1039/an9911600861.
- K. Yokoyama, N. Nio and Y. Kikuchi, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 64, 447 (2004); doi:10.1007/s00253-003-1539-5.
- G. Jing, T. Chen and M. Luan, Arabian J. Chem.; doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2011.06.007.
- S. Sakai, S. Ito and K. Kawakami, Acta Biomater., 6, 3132 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2010.02.003.
- P.M. Nielsen, Food Biotechnol., 9, 119 (1995); doi:10.1080/08905439509549889.
- T.-Y. Ting, I. Gonda and E. Gipps, Pharm. Res., 9, 1330 (1992); doi:10.1023/A:1015869704171.
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References
J. Thodesen (Da-Yong Ma), M. Rye, Y.-X. Wang, K.-S. Yang, H.B. Bentsen and T. Gjedrem, Aquaculture, 322-323, 51 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.10.010.
F. Zhang, S. Xu and Z. Wang, Food Bioprod. Process., 89, 185 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.fbp.2010.05.003.
H. Yang and Y. Wang, Food Hydrocoll., 23, 577 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2008.04.016.
H.S. Tabarestani, Y. Maghsoudlou, A. Motamedzadegan and A.R. Sadeghi Mahoonak, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 6207 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.071.
M.H. Norziah, A. Al-Hassan, A.B. Khairulnizam, M.N. Mordi and M. Norita, Food Hydrocoll., 23, 1610 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2008.12.004.
S.S. Choi and J.M. Regenstein, J. Food Sci., 65, 194 (2000); doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb15978.x.
M.C. Gómez-Guillén, J. Turnay, M.D. Fernández-Díaz, N. Ulmo, M.A. Lizarbe and P. Montero, Food Hydrocoll., 16, 25 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0268-005X(01)00035-2.
A.A. Karim and R. Bhat, Food Hydrocoll., 23, 563 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2008.07.002.
T. Nagai, Food Chem., 68, 277 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0308-8146(99)00188-0.
S. Benjakul, K. Oungbho, W. Visessanguan, Y. Thiansilakul and S. Roytrakul, Food Chem., 116, 445 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.02.063.
N.F. Mohtar, C. Perera and S.-Y. Quek, Food Chem., 122, 307 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.02.027.
S. Wangtueai and A. Noomhorm, LWT - Food Sci. Technol., 42, 825 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2008.11.014.
K. Piez and J. Gross, J. Biol. Chem., 254, 995 (1960).
A.I. Sarabia, M.C. Gómez-Guillén and P. Montero, Food Chem., 70, 71 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00073-X.
H. Umer, H. Nigam, A.M. Tamboli and M.S.M. Nainar, Int. J. Res. Pharm. Biomed. Sci., 2, 474 (2011).
W. Li, G. Wu, H. Chen and M. Wang, Colloids Surf. A, 333, 133 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.09.046.
K.L. Keller and N.A. Fenske, J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 39, 611 (1998); doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(98)70011-8.
K. Makino, T. Mizorogi, S. Ando, T. Tsukamoto and H. Ohshima, Colloids Surf. B, 22, 251 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0927-7765(01)00190-4.
R.-N. Chen, H.-O. Ho and M.-T. Sheu, Biomaterials, 26, 4229 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.11.012.
E.Y. Backheet, K.M. Emara, H.F. Askal and G.A. Saleh, Analyst, 116, 861 (1991); doi:10.1039/an9911600861.
K. Yokoyama, N. Nio and Y. Kikuchi, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 64, 447 (2004); doi:10.1007/s00253-003-1539-5.
G. Jing, T. Chen and M. Luan, Arabian J. Chem.; doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2011.06.007.
S. Sakai, S. Ito and K. Kawakami, Acta Biomater., 6, 3132 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2010.02.003.
P.M. Nielsen, Food Biotechnol., 9, 119 (1995); doi:10.1080/08905439509549889.
T.-Y. Ting, I. Gonda and E. Gipps, Pharm. Res., 9, 1330 (1992); doi:10.1023/A:1015869704171.
H. Wang, H. Shi, A.C. Cheung and J.H. Xin, J. Control. Rel., 152(Suppl. 1), e78 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.08.135.