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Vol. 32 No. 8 (2020): Vol 32 Issue 8, 2020

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Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of the Essential Oil from the Peel of Solanum incanum and its Antibacterial Activity Studies

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22770
Mequanint Molla Yetayih
Department of Chemistry, College Natural and Computational Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
Yesudass Dominic Ravichandran
1Department of Chemistry, College Natural and Computational Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia 2 Department of Science and Humanities, Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore-641045, India

Corresponding Author(s) : Yesudass Dominic Ravichandran

ydominic64@yahoo.co.in

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 32 No. 8 (2020): Vol 32 Issue 8, 2020

Abstract

Phytochemicals were extracted from the peel of Solanum incanum (S. incanum) with methanol (70% v/v). The phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract showed the presence of  glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins and phenolic compounds. The successive partitioning of the methanolic extract was carried out with three solvents  hexane, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate. The diethyl ether fraction yielded two immiscible fractions. The oil was separated as essential oil fraction and analyzed by GC-MS (gas  chromatography-mass spectrometry). The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil indicated 17 compounds including 2,3-butanediol (76.76%), diethyl phthalate (8.32%), benzyl benzoate (3.02%), 2,6-dimethyl-6-nitro-2-hepten-4-one (2.56%) and 1,2-dimethoxy-4-(1-propenyl)benzene (1.88%). Among them, the mass spectral patterns of three compounds were  analyzed,  discussed and confirmed with NIST database. The antibacterial study of essential oil was conducted using four pathogens (E. coli, K. pneumonia, S. aureus and S. pyogenes) at four different  concentrations (250, 500, 750 and 1000 μg/mL). The result indicates that the essential oil extracted from the peel of Solanum incanum exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against E. .coli and K. pneumonia in 1000 μg/mL, respectively compared with the positive control gentamicin (10 μg/mL). The result of this study revealed the presence of various organic components  and the antibacterial activity of this plant essential oil may be as a result of the major compounds. 

Keywords

Solanum incanum Phytochemical Essential oil GC-MS Antibacterial activity
Yetayih, M. M. ., & Ravichandran, Y. D. . (2020). Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of the Essential Oil from the Peel of Solanum incanum and its Antibacterial Activity Studies. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 32(8), 2001–2006. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22770
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