Issue

Vol. 33 No. 11 (2021): Vol 33 Issue 11, 2021

Copyright (c) 2021 AJC

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

A Study on Distribution of Water Quality Parameters in Potable/Ground Waters of Visakhapatnam Coastal Region with Multivariate Factor Analysis

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23378
V.V.K.P.L.N. Murty
Department of Physical and Nuclear Chemistry & Chemical Oceanography, School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India
P. V.S. Machiraju
Department of Chemistry, Pragati Engineering College (A), Surampalem-533437, India
P. Shyamala
Department of Physical and Nuclear Chemistry & Chemical Oceanography, School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India
A. Vinod Kumar
Environmental Monitoring & Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, India

Corresponding Author(s) : P. V.S. Machiraju

drpvsm.res@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 33 No. 11 (2021): Vol 33 Issue 11, 2021

Abstract

Chemical components of the earth crust influence the ground water quality. In addition, anthropogenic activities also contribute in deteriorating the quality of ground waters and contaminate the water sources. In present study, 22 water samples were collected from the potable/ground water sources in south coastal region of Visakhapatnam district, India during pre- and post-monsoon seasons and characterized for physico-chemical parameters viz., pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, oxidation reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, total hardness (TH), total alkalinity (TA), bicarbonate, carbonate, chloride, fluoride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The distribution of parameters was explained by Box-Whisker plot. Further Piper diagrams were drawn to identify the geochemical expressions between the parameters. Multivariate factor analysis was used to assess the degree of factor loadings and to identify the group of parameters influencing the variance of different water quality parameters. The analytical data indicated that majority of water samples in the study area have higher concentration of TDS, TH, TA, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl−, HCO3− and F−.

Keywords

Groundwater Water quality parameters Distribution Factor analysis
Murty, V., V.S. Machiraju, P., Shyamala, P., & Vinod Kumar, A. (2021). A Study on Distribution of Water Quality Parameters in Potable/Ground Waters of Visakhapatnam Coastal Region with Multivariate Factor Analysis. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 33(11), 2645–2652. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23378
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. P. Prusty and S.H. Farooq, HydroResearch, 3, 61 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydres.2020.06.001
  2. M. Ouarani, M. Bahir, D.J. Mulla, D. Ouazar, A. Chehbouni and D. Dhiba, Arab. J. Geosci., 14, 1989 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08267-w
  3. S.M. Didar-Ul Islam, M.A.H. Bhuiyan, T. Rume and G. Azam, Appl. Water Sci., 7, 4219 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-017-0533-5
  4. T. Venugopal, L. Giridharan, M. Jayaprakash and P. Periakali, India. Environ. Monit. Assess., 149, 81 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0185-x
  5. M. Arunprakash, L. Giridharan, R.R. Krishnamurthy and M. Jayaprakash, Environ. Earth Sci., 71, 947 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2496-7
  6. E. Shaji, N. Vinayachandran and D.S. Thambi, J. Geol. Soc. India, 74, 585 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-009-0172-z
  7. P. Ravikumar, R.K. Somashekar and M. Angami, Environ. Monit. Assess., 173, 459 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1399-2
  8. D.K. Todd, Groundwater Hydrology, Wiley Publications: New York, (1980).
  9. J.D. Hem, U.S. Geol. Surv. Water Supply Pap., 2254, 264 (1991).
  10. S. Selvam, Univers. J. Environ. Res. Technol., 2, 233 (2012).
  11. S. Ayoob and A.K. Gupta, Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 433 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1080/10643380600678112
  12. R.S. Pawer, D.B. Panaskar and V.M. Wagh, Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol., 2, 31 (2014).
  13. N.C. Mondal, V.P. Singh, V.S. Singh and V.K. Saxena, J. Hydrol., 388, 100 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.04.032
  14. S. Varol and A. Davraz, Environ. Earth Sci., 73, 1725 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3531-z
  15. V.K. Jena and D. Sinha, Res. J. Chem. Environ., 21, 21 (2017).
  16. A. Kale, N. Bandela, J. Kulkarni and K. Raut, Groundw. Sustain. Dev., 10, 100345 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100345
  17. M. Vasanthavigar, K. Srinivasamoorthy, K. Vijayaragavan, R.R. Ganthi, S. Chidambaram, P. Anandhan, R. Manivannan and S. Vasudevan, Environ. Monit. Assess., 171, 595 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1302-1
  18. S.K. Kumar, N. Chandrasekar, P. Seralathan, P.S. Godson and N.S. Magesh, Environ. Monit. Assess., 184, 4127 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2249-6
  19. N.S. Magesh, S.K. Kumar, N. Chandrasekar and J.P. Soundranayagam, Arab. J. Geosci., 6, 4179 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-012-0673-8
  20. BIS, Indian Standard Drinking Water-Specifications, Second Revision, IS10500 (2012).
  21. WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, WHO Chron., 38, 104 (2012).
  22. J.C. Davis, Statistics and Data Analysis in Geology, Wiley: New York, pp 550 (1973).
  23. A.M. Piper, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 25, 914 (1944); https://doi.org/10.1029/TR025i006p00914
  24. WHO, Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, Incorporating the 1st addendum, Ed.: 4 (2017).
Read More
Author biographies is not available.
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 2 Download : 2