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Defluoridation of Drinking Water Using Calcium Modified Chitosan
Corresponding Author(s) : Meena Chakraborty
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2017): Vol 29 Issue 2
Abstract
Fluoride in water has become a major environmental and health issue now a day. A new adsorbent chitosan calcium compound was prepared and used for defluoridation purpose. Defluoridation capacity of the adsorbent was studied by batch technique. Adsorption of fluoride was studied as a function of contact time, pH, initial fluoride concentration and adsorbent dose. The equilibrium sorption data were fitted to Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin isotherms. The kinetics of sorption was found to follow pseudo second order and particle diffusion model. Result shows that the chitosan calcium adsorbent can be used for defluoridation of water without causing any harm to environment.
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- WHO, Fluoride in Drinking-Water, Background Document for Preparation of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, Geneva (2004); http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/chemicals/fluoride.pdf.
- R. Singh and R.C. Maheshwari, Indian J. Environ. Prot., 21, 983 (2001).
- V.K. Gupta, I. Ali and V.K. Saini, Water Res., 41, 3307 (2007).
- M. Emamjomeh and M. Sivakumar, J. Environ. Manage., 90, 1204 (2009).
- Meenakshi and R.C. Maheshwari, J. Hazard. Mater., 137, 456 (2006).
- C. Díaz-Nava, M. Solache-Ríos and M.T. Olguín, Sep. Sci. Technol.,38, 131 (2003).
- K. Muthukumaran, N. Balasubramanian and T.V. Ramakrishna, Indian J. Environ. Prot., 15, 514 (1995).
- W. Rongshu, H. Li, P. Na and W. Ying, Water Qual. Res. J. Canada, 30, 81 (1995).
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- Y. Min, T. Hashimoto, N. Hoshi and H. Myoga, Water Res., 33, 3395 (1999).
- H. Kariyanna, Proceedings Seminar on Role of Earth Sciences in Environment, Bombay, India, pp. 113-122 (1987).
- J.P. Barbier and P. Mazounie, Water Supply, 2, 1 (1984).
- Y. Wang and E.J. Reardon, Appl. Geochem., 16, 531 (2001).
- M. Malakootian, M. Moosazadeh, N. Yousefi and A. Fatehizadeh, African J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 5, 299 (2011).
- R.S. Dave and M.T. Machhar, Streem J. Agric. Policy Res., 1, 1 (2015).
- S.P. Kamble, S. Jagtap, N.K. Labhsetwar, D. Thakare, S. Godfrey, S. Devotta and S.S. Rayalu, Chem. Eng. J., 129, 173 (2007).
- H.M.F. Freundlich, J. Phys. Chem., 57, 385 (1906).
- S. Mohan and J. Karthikeyan, Environ. Pollut., 97, 183 (1997).
- K.R. Hall, L.C. Eagleton, A. Acrivos and T. Vermeulen, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund., 5, 212 (1966).
- A.O. Dada, A.P. Olalekan, A.M. Olatunya and O. Dada, J. Appl. Chem., 3, 38 (2012).
- A.E. Nemr, J. Hazard. Mater., 161, 132 (2009).
- M. Murugan and E. Subramanian, J. Water Health, 4, 453 (2006).
- M. Temkin and J.A.V. Pyzhev, Acta Physiochem. U.R.S.S., 12, 217 (1940).
- C. Aharoni and M. Ungarish, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 73, 456 (1977).
- S. Azizian, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 276, 47 (2004).
- N. Viswanathan and S. Meenakshi, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 322, 375 (2008).
- M. Chanda, K.F. O’Driscoll and G.L. Rempel, React. Polym., 1, 183 (1983).
References
WHO, Fluoride in Drinking-Water, Background Document for Preparation of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, Geneva (2004); http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/chemicals/fluoride.pdf.
R. Singh and R.C. Maheshwari, Indian J. Environ. Prot., 21, 983 (2001).
V.K. Gupta, I. Ali and V.K. Saini, Water Res., 41, 3307 (2007).
M. Emamjomeh and M. Sivakumar, J. Environ. Manage., 90, 1204 (2009).
Meenakshi and R.C. Maheshwari, J. Hazard. Mater., 137, 456 (2006).
C. Díaz-Nava, M. Solache-Ríos and M.T. Olguín, Sep. Sci. Technol.,38, 131 (2003).
K. Muthukumaran, N. Balasubramanian and T.V. Ramakrishna, Indian J. Environ. Prot., 15, 514 (1995).
W. Rongshu, H. Li, P. Na and W. Ying, Water Qual. Res. J. Canada, 30, 81 (1995).
S. Padmavathy, J. Amali, R.E. Raja, N. Prabavathi and B. Kavitha, Indian J. Environ. Prot., 23, 1244 (2003).
V.P. Thergaonkar and W.G. Nawalakhe, Indian J. Environ. Health, 16, 241 (1971).
Y. Min, T. Hashimoto, N. Hoshi and H. Myoga, Water Res., 33, 3395 (1999).
H. Kariyanna, Proceedings Seminar on Role of Earth Sciences in Environment, Bombay, India, pp. 113-122 (1987).
J.P. Barbier and P. Mazounie, Water Supply, 2, 1 (1984).
Y. Wang and E.J. Reardon, Appl. Geochem., 16, 531 (2001).
M. Malakootian, M. Moosazadeh, N. Yousefi and A. Fatehizadeh, African J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 5, 299 (2011).
R.S. Dave and M.T. Machhar, Streem J. Agric. Policy Res., 1, 1 (2015).
S.P. Kamble, S. Jagtap, N.K. Labhsetwar, D. Thakare, S. Godfrey, S. Devotta and S.S. Rayalu, Chem. Eng. J., 129, 173 (2007).
H.M.F. Freundlich, J. Phys. Chem., 57, 385 (1906).
S. Mohan and J. Karthikeyan, Environ. Pollut., 97, 183 (1997).
K.R. Hall, L.C. Eagleton, A. Acrivos and T. Vermeulen, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund., 5, 212 (1966).
A.O. Dada, A.P. Olalekan, A.M. Olatunya and O. Dada, J. Appl. Chem., 3, 38 (2012).
A.E. Nemr, J. Hazard. Mater., 161, 132 (2009).
M. Murugan and E. Subramanian, J. Water Health, 4, 453 (2006).
M. Temkin and J.A.V. Pyzhev, Acta Physiochem. U.R.S.S., 12, 217 (1940).
C. Aharoni and M. Ungarish, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 73, 456 (1977).
S. Azizian, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 276, 47 (2004).
N. Viswanathan and S. Meenakshi, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 322, 375 (2008).
M. Chanda, K.F. O’Driscoll and G.L. Rempel, React. Polym., 1, 183 (1983).