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Vol. 25 No. 6 (2013): Vol 25 Issue 6

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Comparison of Physico-Chemical Properties Between Two Varieties of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seed Oil from Pakistan

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.13628
Farhan Cecil
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
Farooq Anwar
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan ; Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha-40100, Pakistan
Shaukat Ali Shahid
Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
Naveed Ahmad
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan ; National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, P.O. Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Corresponding Author(s) : Farooq Anwar

fqanwar@yahoo.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 25 No. 6 (2013): Vol 25 Issue 6

Abstract

The present research work was aimed to evaluate and quantify the physico-chemical attributes between two varieties of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed oil. The oil yield from two locally grown peanut varieties namely var. Banki and 334, using Soxhelt extraction method, was found to be 34.62 and 32.43 %, respectively. The seed kernel of the peanut varieties tested contained fiber, ash and protein 3.70, 3.90, 2.30, 2.50, 24.62 and 26.19 %, respectively. The physico-chemical attributes of the extracted oils were found to be refractive index (40 ºC) 1.4623, 1.4536; free fatty acids 2.65, 3.55 % as oleic acid; peroxide value 2.50, 3.50 meq/kg; iodine value 93.45, 91.96 g of I/100 g; saponification value 193.20, 188.00 mg of KOH/g of oil; unsponifiable matter 1.20, 1.50 %; p-ansidine value 1.54, 1.87, respectively. The colour of the tested oils varied from 1.42-1.51R + 14.00-15.00 Y. The seed oils mainly contained g-tocopherol (709.1-712.2 mg/kg) followed by a-tocopherol (173.9-193.2 mg/kg) and d-tocopherol (7.1-8.4 mg/kg). The peanut seed oils were characterized by high level of oleic acid (46.10-47.70 %) followed by linoleic acid (27.60-30.40 %), palmitic acid (12.70-13.50 %) and stearic acid (5.10-5.70 %). Generally, most of the physico-chemical attributes of the peanut seed oils varied insignificantly between the two varieties tested.

Keywords

Peanut oil Physico-chemical attributes Tocopherols HPLC Fatty acids Oxidation parameters
Cecil, F., Anwar, F., Ali Shahid, S., & Ahmad, N. (2013). Comparison of Physico-Chemical Properties Between Two Varieties of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seed Oil from Pakistan. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25(6), 3271–3274. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.13628
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