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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Extraction of Polyphenols from Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Grain Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Technology
Corresponding Author(s) : J.C. Qi
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 25 No. 3 (2013): Vol 25 Issue 3
Abstract
The optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) were developted for extracting polyphenols from barley grain in this work. The process parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to maximizing total polyphenol yield (TPY) and total phenolic acid yield (TPAY). Four parameters were included, viz., ethanol concentration (EC), solvent to material ratio (SMR), extraction time (ET) and extraction temperature (ETP). Results indicated that EC was the most significant factor (p < 0.01) both for TPY and TPAY, while ET insignificant (p > 0.05). The practicable optimal conditions for TPY were: EC, 97 %; SMR, 54 mL/g; ET, 20 min; and ETP, 50 ºC, while for TPAY were: EC, 100 %; SMR, 60 mL/g; ET, 18 min and ETP, 50 ºC. Under the respective optimal conditions, TPY could reach to 25.56 mg of tannic acid equivalent/g barley powder (BP), while TPAY could reach to 19.68 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g BP. The experimental values were significantly agreed with the predicted values calculated from the second-order models both for TPY and TPAY, thus verifying that the methods established were applicable and reliable in practice. The use of sonication can enhance the yield efficiently in barley grain polyphenol extraction.
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- W. Vermerris and R. Nicholson, Phenolic Compound Biochemistry, Springer, Dordrecht, Holland (2006).
- A. Scalbert, C. Manach, C. Morand, C. Rémésy and L. Jiménez, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutri., 45, 287 (2005).
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- L.J. Wang and C.L. Weller, Trends Food Sci. Technol., 17, 300 (2006).
- T.J. Mason, L. Paniwnyk and J.P. Lorimer, Ultrason. Sonochem., 3, 253 (1996).
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- F. Macritchie and P.W. Gras, Cereal Chem., 50, 292 (1973).
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References
W. Vermerris and R. Nicholson, Phenolic Compound Biochemistry, Springer, Dordrecht, Holland (2006).
A. Scalbert, C. Manach, C. Morand, C. Rémésy and L. Jiménez, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutri., 45, 287 (2005).
J.A. Vita, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 81, 292S (2005).
J.D. Lambert, J. Hong, G.Y. Yang, J. Liao and C.S. Yang, Am. J. Clin. Nutri., 81, 284S (2005).
J. Yu, T. Vasanthan and F. Temelli, J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 4325 (2001).
J. Dudjak, J. Lachman, D. Miholová, D. Kolihová and V. Pivec, Plant Soil Environ., 50, 471 (2004).
M. Fujita, K. Takeda, N. Kohyama, Y. Doi and H. Matsunaka, Euphytica, 124, 55 (2002).
A.K. Holtekjølen, C. Kinitz and S. H. Knutsen, J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 2253 (2006).
M. Dvorakova, M.M. Moreira, P. Dostalek, Z. Skulilova, L.F. Guido and A.A. Barros, J. Chromatogr. A, 1189, 398 (2008).
Q. Liu, Y. Yang and H.Y. Yao, Cereal Feed Ind., 24 (2006) Chinese with English Abstract.
M.D. Luque de Castro and L.E. García-Ayuso, Anal. Chim. Acta, 369, 1 (1998).
M.A. Rostagno, M. Palma and C.G. Barroso, J. Chromatogr. A, 1012, 119 (2003).
M.C. Herrera and L.M.D. de Castro, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 379, 1106 (2004).
Y.Q. Ma, J.C. Chen, D.G. Liu and X.Q. Ye, Ultrason. Sonochem., 16, 57 (2009).
L.J. Wang and C.L. Weller, Trends Food Sci. Technol., 17, 300 (2006).
T.J. Mason, L. Paniwnyk and J.P. Lorimer, Ultrason. Sonochem., 3, 253 (1996).
Q. Liu, H.Y. Yao and Y. Yang, Food Sci. Technol., 26 (2006) Chinese with English Abstract.
Q. Liu, H.Y. Yao, Y. Yang and J.Z. Wang, Food Sci., 27, 72 (2006) Chinese with English abstract.
D. Bas and I.H. Boyaci, J. Food Eng., 78, 836 (2007).
J.D. Campo, C. Nguyen-The, M. Sergent and M.J. Amiot, J. Food Sci., 68, 2066 (2003).
E.M. Silva, H. Rogez and Y. Larondelle, Sep. Purif. Technol., 55, 381 (2007).
S. Rodriguesa and G.A.S. Pinto, J. Food Eng., 80, 869 (2007).
S. Rodriguesa, G.A.S. Pinto and F.A.N. Fernandes, Ultrason. Sonochem., 15, 95 (2008).
J. Wang, B.G. Sun, Y.P. Cao, Y. Tian and X.H. Li, Food Chem., 106, 804 (2008).
B. Yang, X. Liu and Y.X. Gao, Innov. Food Sci. Emerg., 10, 610 (2009).
X. Wang, X.J. Wang, L.P. Cao and J.C. Qi, J. Shihezi Univ. (Nat. Sci.), 28, 152 (2010) Chinese with English abstract.
F. Macritchie and P.W. Gras, Cereal Chem., 50, 292 (1973).
H.D. Graham, J. Agric. Food Chem., 40, 801 (1992).
Y.R. Fu, W.M. Zhan, G.M. Chen and X.M. Bai, Chin. Tradit. Pat. Med., 28, 1016 (2007) Chinese.
A.M. Joglekar and A.T. May, Cereal Food World, 32, 857 (1987).
M.M. Zhang, W.F. Zheng, Y.X. Zhao, Y.B. Liu and Z.W. Wei, Mycosystema, 29, 760 (2010) (Chinese with English abstract).
J. Grum and J.M. Slabe, J. Mater. Process Technol., 155-156, 2026 (2004).
G.E.P. Box and D.W. Behnken, Technometrics, 2, 455 (1960).
S.L.C. Ferreira, R.E. Bruns, H.S. Ferreira, G.D. Matos, J.M. David, G.C. Brandão, E.G.P. da Silva, L.A. Portugal, P.S. dos Reis, A.S. Souza and W.N.L. dos Santos, Anal. Chim. Acta, 597, 179 (2007).
B. Shi and Y. Di, Plant Polyphenols, Science Press, Beijing, China (2002) Chinese with English abstract.
R.H. Myers, D.C. Montgomery and C.M. Anderson-Cook, Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, edn. 3 (2009).