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Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide-N-vinylcarbazole Polymers
Corresponding Author(s) : Shashidhar
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 25 No. 1 (2013): Vol 25 Issue 1
Abstract
Polymers containing poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNI) and N-vinyl carbazole (nvc) were synthesized by dissolving different weight percentages of N-vinyl carbazole (10, 20, 30 and 40 %) during the polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide. The structure and morphology of the poly-N-isopropylacrylamide-N-vinyl carbazole (PNI-nvc) polymer matrix were identified by UV-visible, fluorescence spectra and atomic force microscope (AFM). Further, the electrical conductivity in the temperature range of 300-525 K showed a semiconducting behaviour with a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR). In addition, the conductivity data were characterized by three different regions with increasing temperature.
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- H.G. Schild and D.A. Tirrell, J. Phys. Chem., 94, 4352 (1990).
- M. Heskins and J.E. Guillet, J. Macromol. Sci.: Chem., A2, 1441 (1968).
- H. Feil, Y.H. Bae, J. Feijen and S.M. Kim, J. Membr. Sci., 64, 283 (1991).
- R.C. Ganorkar, A. Gutowska, F. Liu and S.W. Baudys, Pharm. Res., 16, 819 (1999).
- T. Takesawa, Y. Mori and K. Yoshizato, Biotechnology, 8, 854 (1990).
- M. Heskins and J.E. Guillet, J. Macromol. Sci.: Chem., 2, 1441 (1969).
- Y. Hiroshi, M. Masato and M. Yuichi, J. Macromol. Sci., A31, 113 (1994).
- W. Chi and Z. Shiqin, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 34, 1597 (1996).
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- C. Basavaraja, R. Pierson, Vishnuvardhan and D.S. Huh, Eur. Polym. J., 44, 1556 (2008).
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- G. Burton, J. Holman and J. Lazonby, Chemical Storylines, edn. 2, p. 121 (2000).
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- P. Bertoncello, A. Notargiacomo and C. Nicolini, Polymer, 45, 1659 (2004).
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- P. Dallas, V. Georgakilas, D. Niarchos, Ph. Komninou, Th. Kehagias and D. Petridis, Nanotechnology, 17, 2046 (2006).
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- L.J. Yuan, S.S. Shyu and J.Y. Lai, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 42, 2525 (1991).
- A. Bismarck, M.E. Kumru, B. Song, J. Springer, E. Moos and Kargerkocsis, J. Composites A, 30, 1351 (1999).
- O. Yavuz, Berlouis, M.L. Hitchmann and A.S. Saraç, Synth. Met., 110, 165 (2000).
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- N. Ballav and M. Biswas, Synth. Met., 149, 109 (2005).
- N.F. Mott and E.A. Davis, Electronic Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials, Oxford: Clarendon Press: Oxford (1979).
- E.R. Holland, S.J. Pomfret, P.N. Adams and A.P. Monakan, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 8, 2991 (1996).
- J. Joo, S.M. Long, J.P. Pouget, E.J. Oh,A.G. MacDiarmid and A.J. Epstein, Phys. Rev. B, 57, 9567 (1998).
References
H.G. Schild and D.A. Tirrell, J. Phys. Chem., 94, 4352 (1990).
M. Heskins and J.E. Guillet, J. Macromol. Sci.: Chem., A2, 1441 (1968).
H. Feil, Y.H. Bae, J. Feijen and S.M. Kim, J. Membr. Sci., 64, 283 (1991).
R.C. Ganorkar, A. Gutowska, F. Liu and S.W. Baudys, Pharm. Res., 16, 819 (1999).
T. Takesawa, Y. Mori and K. Yoshizato, Biotechnology, 8, 854 (1990).
M. Heskins and J.E. Guillet, J. Macromol. Sci.: Chem., 2, 1441 (1969).
Y. Hiroshi, M. Masato and M. Yuichi, J. Macromol. Sci., A31, 113 (1994).
W. Chi and Z. Shiqin, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 34, 1597 (1996).
H.G. Schild and D.A. Tirrell, Langmuir, 7, 665 (1991).
C. Basavaraja, R. Pierson, Vishnuvardhan and D.S. Huh, Eur. Polym. J., 44, 1556 (2008).
C. Basavaraja, R. Pierson and J.H. Kim, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 29, 1699 (2008).
D.R. Lide, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, edn. 89, p. 3 (2008).
G. Burton, J. Holman and J. Lazonby, Chemical Storylines, edn. 2, p. 121 (2000).
K. Tsutsui, K. Hirotsu, M. Umesaki, M. Kurahashi, A. Shimada and T. Higuchi, Acta Cryst., B32, 3049 (1976).
P. Bertoncello, A. Notargiacomo and C. Nicolini, Polymer, 45, 1659 (2004).
C. Bridi, V. Barlier, H. Chaabane, J. Davenas and H.B. Ouada, Nanotechnology, 19, 375201 (2008).
P. Dallas, V. Georgakilas, D. Niarchos, Ph. Komninou, Th. Kehagias and D. Petridis, Nanotechnology, 17, 2046 (2006).
E. Fitzer and H. Jager, Z. Werkstofftechn, 16, 215 (1985).
L.J. Yuan, S.S. Shyu and J.Y. Lai, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 42, 2525 (1991).
A. Bismarck, M.E. Kumru, B. Song, J. Springer, E. Moos and Kargerkocsis, J. Composites A, 30, 1351 (1999).
O. Yavuz, Berlouis, M.L. Hitchmann and A.S. Saraç, Synth. Met., 110, 165 (2000).
M. Biswas, M.A. Gazi and S.S. Bhagawan, Makromol. Chem., 179, 1209 (1978).
N. Ballav and M. Biswas, Synth. Met., 149, 109 (2005).
N.F. Mott and E.A. Davis, Electronic Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials, Oxford: Clarendon Press: Oxford (1979).
E.R. Holland, S.J. Pomfret, P.N. Adams and A.P. Monakan, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 8, 2991 (1996).
J. Joo, S.M. Long, J.P. Pouget, E.J. Oh,A.G. MacDiarmid and A.J. Epstein, Phys. Rev. B, 57, 9567 (1998).