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Vol. 32 No. 2 (2020): Vol 32 Issue 2

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Comparative Study of Cytotoxic Activity of Nano Silver Against A549 and L929 Cell Lines

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22429
K. Samrat
Department of Biotechnology, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum), Bangalore-560054, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9660-3102
R. Sharath
Department of Food Technology, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davanagere-577007, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6126-9578
M.N. Chandraprabha
Department of Biotechnology, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum), Bangalore-560054, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-9324
R. Hari Krishna
Department of Chemistry, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore-560054, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-2781
R. Preetham
Department of Civil Engineering, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore-560054, India
B.G. Harish
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University B.D.T. College of Engineering, Davanagere-577004, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-8903

Corresponding Author(s) : R. Sharath

sharathsarathi@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 32 No. 2 (2020): Vol 32 Issue 2

Abstract

Studies in recent years are focussed on anticancer drugs which can selectively induce cell death with less toxicity to normal cells. The present work therefore aims at exploring the potential of nano silver as selective anticancer drug by comparing its cytotoxic activity against human lung carcinoma cell line (A549) and mouse normal fibroblast cell line (L929) in vitro. Nano silver was synthesized by both chemogenic (AgNP-C) and biogenic (AgNP-B) method and characterized by using PXRD, SEM and TEM. In order to assess the molecular mechanism involved in cytotoxicity, apoptosis inducing effect of nano silver was assessed by Annexin V/PI staining, cell cycle analysis and caspase-3 expression study. From the results, it was confirmed that A549 cells treated with nano silver showed decreased cell viability (AgNP-C: 173.5 ± 2.51 μg/mL, AgNP-B: 29.2 ± 0.22 μg/mL) compared to L929 cells (AgNP-C: 317.2 ± 3.43 μg/mL, AgNP-B: 622.3 ± 1.6 μg/mL), indicating lower toxicity of nano silver towards normal cells. Apoptotic study, cell cycle analysis and caspase-3 studies showed decreased expression of Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax mitochondrial genes facilitating release of cytochrome c (cyt c) into cytosol by disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential indicating induction of cell death in A549 cells through mitochondrial mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Present investigation provides conclusive evidence for application of biogenic nano silver as a potential candidate for anticancer drug development.

Keywords

Nano silver Human lung carcinoma cell line Mouse normal fibroblast cell line Caspase-3
Samrat, K., Sharath, R., Chandraprabha, M., Krishna, R. H., Preetham, R., & Harish, B. (2019). Comparative Study of Cytotoxic Activity of Nano Silver Against A549 and L929 Cell Lines. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 32(2), 374–380. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22429
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