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A Comparative Study on Characterization of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid Cesium Salt Depending on Synthesis Methods
Corresponding Author(s) : Elif Odes Akbay
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 26 No. 18 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 18
Abstract
12-Tungstophosphoric acid cesium salt, Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40, exhibits high catalytic activity for various kinds of acid-catalyzed reactions. This excellent catalytic effect of Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 is attributed to its strong acidity, hydrophobicity, unique pore structure, etc. In this study, the methods published in the literature were modified by monitoring the aging, atmospheric drying-vacuum drying and calcination, addition rate of Cs2CO3 solution to 12-tungstophosphoric acid solution to enhance the surface properties of Cs-12-tungstophosphoric acid such as the surface area and porosity. The characteristic of the synthesized Cs-12-tungstophosphoric acid were obtained by the XRD, FTIR, SEM, TG-DTG, particle distribution and crystallite size and the results were compared with the finding in literature. The each modified methods have different effect on the BET surface area and porosity. The sample coded by 01G50V showed the highest surface area with 4.5 nm pore diameteramong synthesized 12-tungstophosphoric acid cesium salt.
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- A. Ghanbari-Siahkali, A. Philippou, J. Dwyer and M.W. Anderson, Appl. Catal. A., 19, 57 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0926-860X(99)00333-6.
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- T. Nakato, Y. Toyoshi, M. Kimura and T. Okuhara, Catal. Today, 52, 23 (1999); doi:10.1016/S0920-5861(99)00059-0.
References
I.V. Kozhevnikov, Catal. Rev., Sci. Eng., 37, 311 (1995); doi:10.1080/01614949508007097.
E. Papaconstantinou, Chem. Soc. Rev., 18, 1 (1989); doi:10.1039/cs9891800001.
L.E. Briand, G.T. Baronetti and H.J. Thomas, Appl. Catal. A, 256, 37 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0926-860X(03)00387-9.
I.V. Kozhevnikov, Chem. Rev., 98, 171 (1998); doi:10.1021/cr960400y.
T. Okuhara, N. Mizuno and M. Misono, Appl. Catal. A, 222, 63 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0926-860X(01)00830-4.
K. Na, T. Okuhara and M. Misono, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 91, 367 (1995); doi:10.1039/ft9959100367.
N. Essayem, G. Coudurier, M. Fournier and J.C. Védrine, Catal. Lett., 34, 223 (1995); doi:10.1007/BF00808337.
T. Okuhara, T. Nishimura, H. Watanabe and M. Misono, J. Mol. Catal., 74, 247 (1992); doi:10.1016/0304-5102(92)80242-9.
T. Okuhara, T. Nishimura and M. Misono, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 101, 581 (1996); doi:10.1016/S0167-2991(96)80269-2.
M. Kimura, T. Nakato and T. Okuhara, Appl. Catal. A, 165, 227 (1997); doi:10.1016/S0926-860X(97)00204-4.
T. Okuhara, H. Watanabe, T. Nishimura, K. Inumaru and M. Misono, Chem. Mater., 12, 2230 (2000); doi:10.1021/cm9907561.
J.A. Dias, E. Caliman and S.C. Loureiro Dias, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 76, 221 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2004.08.021.
T. Okuhara, T. Nishimura, H. Watanabe and M. Misono, J. Mol. Catal., 74, 247 (1992); doi:10.1016/0304-5102(92)80242-9.
T. Nishimura, T. Okuhara and M. Misono, Appl. Catal., 73, L7 (1991); doi:10.1016/0166-9834(91)85105-5.
K. Na, T. Okuhara and M. Misono, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. I, 91, 367 (1995); doi:10.1039/ft9959100367.
N. Essayem, G. Coudurier, M. Fournier and J.C. Vedrine, Catal. Lett., 34, 223 (1995); doi:10.1007/BF00808337.
K. Na, T. Iizaki, T. Okuhara and M. Misono, J. Mol. Catal. Chem., 115, 449 (1997); doi:10.1016/S1381-1169(96)00350-0.
M. Kimura, T. Nakato and T. Okuhara, Appl. Catal. A, 165, 227 (1997); doi:10.1016/S0926-860X(97)00204-4.
T. Okuhara, M. Kimura and T. Nakato, Chem. Lett., 839 (1997); doi:10.1246/cl.1997.839.
K. Narasimharao, D.R. Brown, A.F. Lee, A.D. Newman, P.F. Siril, S.J. Tavener and K. Wilson, J. Catal., 248, 226 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2007.02.016.
G.G. Volkova, L.M. Plyasova, A.N. Salanov, G.N. Kustova, T.M. Yurieva and V.A. Likholobov, Catal. Lett., 80, 175 (2002); doi:10.1023/A:1015420828251.
J.A. Dias, E. Caliman and S.C. Loureiro Dias, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 76, 221 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2004.08.021.
H. Dogan, T.Y. Inan, E. Unveren and M. Kaya, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35, 7784 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.05.045.
S. Choi, Y. Wang, Z. Nie, J. Liu and C.H.F. Peden, Catal. Today, 55, 117 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0920-5861(99)00231-X.
N. Essayem, A. Holmqvist, P.Y. Gayraud, J.C. Vedrine and T.Y. Ben, J. Catal., 197, 273 (2001); doi:10.1006/jcat.2000.3107.
D. Zhao, B.L. Yi, H.M. Zhang, H.M. Yu, L. Wang, Y.W. Ma and D.M. Xing, J. Power Sources, 190, 301 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.133
A. Ghanbari-Siahkali, A. Philippou, J. Dwyer and M.W. Anderson, Appl. Catal. A., 19, 57 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0926-860X(99)00333-6.
H.Y. Shin, S.H. An, R. Sheikh, Y.H. Park and S.Y. Bae, Fuel, 96, 572 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.12.076.
P. Madhusudhan Rao, M.V. Landau, A. Wolfson, A.M. Shapira-Tchelet and M. Herskowitz, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 80, 43 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2004.11.021.
S.W. Chuang, S.L.C. Hsu and M.L. Yang, Eur. Polym. J., 44, 2202 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.04.021.
S.K. Bhorodwaj and D.K. Dutta, Appl. Catal. A, 378, 221 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2010.02.026.
T. Nakato, Y. Toyoshi, M. Kimura and T. Okuhara, Catal. Today, 52, 23 (1999); doi:10.1016/S0920-5861(99)00059-0.