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Toughening of Epoxy Resin via Silane Terminated Urethane Including Pre-Hydrolyzed Tetraethoxysilane
Corresponding Author(s) : Ilyas Kartal
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 26 No. 18 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 18
Abstract
In this study, firstly, silane terminated urethane was synthesized from poly(hexamethylene carbonate) diol and 3-isocyanatopropyl-trimethoxysilane. Prepared solutions of inorganic part (silane terminated urethane + pre-hydrolyzed tetraethoxysilane) were mixed with epoxy-hardener mixture to obtain hybrid solutions. Various hybrid solutions were prepared using different epoxy/inorganic part solution compositions. Furthermore, the effect of silane terminated urethane on the mechanical and morphological properties of epoxy was investigated. The structure and properties of the composites are characterized using a scanning electron microscopy. Epoxy/silane terminated urethane hybrid materials were subjected to examinations to obtain their tensile strength, three point bending properties, hardness, izod impact strength. Incorporation of silane terminated urethane into the epoxy resin greatly modified the impact behavior of hybrids.
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- H. Yahyaie, M. Ebrahimi, H.V. Tahami and E.R. Mafi, Prog. Org. Coat., 76, 286 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2012.09.016.
- M. Cakir, İ. Kartal, H. Demirer and R. Samur, Sci. Res. Essays, 7, 805 (2012).
- Y.F. Shih, R.J. Jeng and K.M. Wei, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 70, 129 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0165-2370(02)00102-X.
- H.J. Sue, P.M. Puckett, J.L. Bertram and L.L. Walker, in eds.: R.A. Pearson, H.J. Sue and A.F. Yee, Toughening of Plastics, ACS Symposium Series 759, Washington, DC: American Chemical Society; p. 171 (2000).
- A.S. Argon and R.E. Cohen, Polymer, 44, 6013 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00546-9.
- J. Lee and A.F. Yee, Polymer, 42, 577 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00397-9.
- K.P. Unnikrishnan, Ph.D. Thesis, Studies on the Toughening of Epoxy Resins, Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India (2006).
- H. Harani, S. Fellahi and M. Bakar, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 70, 2603 (1998); doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19981226)70:13<2603::AID-APP6>3.0.CO;2-4.
- A. Zudeldia, M. Larranga, P. Remiro and I. Mondragon, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. Part B, 42, 3920 (2004); doi:10.1002/polb.10675.
- R. Bagheri and R.A. Pearson, Polymer, 41, 269 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00126-3.
- R.J. Day, P.A. Lovell and A.A. Wazzan, Compos. Sci. Technol., 61, 41 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0266-3538(00)00169-X.
- S. Kar and A.K. Banthia, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 92, 3814 (2004); doi:10.1002/app.20397.
- J. Fröhlich, H. Kautz, R. Thomann, H. Frey and R. Mülhaupt, Polymer , 45, 2155 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.01.065.
- S.P. Lin, J.L. Han, J.T. Yeh, F.C. Chang and K.H. Hsieh, Eur. Polym. J., 43, 996 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.12.001.
- B. Wetzel, P. Rosso, F. Haupert and K. Friedrich, Eng. Fract. Mech., 73, 2375 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2006.05.018.
- A.J. Kinloch, S.J. Shaw, D.A. Tod and D.L. Hunston, Polymer, 24, 1341 (1983).
- A.J. Kinloch, R.J. Young, Fracture Behaviour of Polymers, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London (1983).
References
H. Yahyaie, M. Ebrahimi, H.V. Tahami and E.R. Mafi, Prog. Org. Coat., 76, 286 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2012.09.016.
M. Cakir, İ. Kartal, H. Demirer and R. Samur, Sci. Res. Essays, 7, 805 (2012).
Y.F. Shih, R.J. Jeng and K.M. Wei, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 70, 129 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0165-2370(02)00102-X.
H.J. Sue, P.M. Puckett, J.L. Bertram and L.L. Walker, in eds.: R.A. Pearson, H.J. Sue and A.F. Yee, Toughening of Plastics, ACS Symposium Series 759, Washington, DC: American Chemical Society; p. 171 (2000).
A.S. Argon and R.E. Cohen, Polymer, 44, 6013 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00546-9.
J. Lee and A.F. Yee, Polymer, 42, 577 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00397-9.
K.P. Unnikrishnan, Ph.D. Thesis, Studies on the Toughening of Epoxy Resins, Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India (2006).
H. Harani, S. Fellahi and M. Bakar, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 70, 2603 (1998); doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19981226)70:13<2603::AID-APP6>3.0.CO;2-4.
A. Zudeldia, M. Larranga, P. Remiro and I. Mondragon, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. Part B, 42, 3920 (2004); doi:10.1002/polb.10675.
R. Bagheri and R.A. Pearson, Polymer, 41, 269 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00126-3.
R.J. Day, P.A. Lovell and A.A. Wazzan, Compos. Sci. Technol., 61, 41 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0266-3538(00)00169-X.
S. Kar and A.K. Banthia, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 92, 3814 (2004); doi:10.1002/app.20397.
J. Fröhlich, H. Kautz, R. Thomann, H. Frey and R. Mülhaupt, Polymer , 45, 2155 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.01.065.
S.P. Lin, J.L. Han, J.T. Yeh, F.C. Chang and K.H. Hsieh, Eur. Polym. J., 43, 996 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.12.001.
B. Wetzel, P. Rosso, F. Haupert and K. Friedrich, Eng. Fract. Mech., 73, 2375 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2006.05.018.
A.J. Kinloch, S.J. Shaw, D.A. Tod and D.L. Hunston, Polymer, 24, 1341 (1983).
A.J. Kinloch, R.J. Young, Fracture Behaviour of Polymers, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London (1983).