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Simultaneous Detection and Validation of Analytical Markers of Swertia chirata by HPLC-DAD to Evaluate the Potency of Extracts and Fractions against Antioxidant Potential
Corresponding Author(s) : Deepak Singh Janoti
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 33 No. 5 (2021): Vol 33 Issue 5, 2021
Abstract
The present study is based on the selection of extract and fraction of Swertia chirata plant for the antioxidant potential with HPLC fingerprinting, which includes the simultaneous detection and quantification of four analytical markers protocatechuic acid (PCA), swertiamarin (SM), mangiferin (MF) and amarogentin (AG) by HPLC-DAD. The yield of water extract (SWA), hydroalcoholic extract (SHA) and fractions of hydroalcoholic extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant potential against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate free radical assay (DPPH assay), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging assay (ABTS assay), total reducing assay (TRA), ferric reducing antioxidant potential assay (FRAP assay), total antioxidant capacity assay (TAC assay). The hydroalcoholic extracts (SHA) can be a better choice as compared to water extract (SWA) due to higher yield of extract (13.680 ± 0.548%) and higher antioxidant activity against DPPH assay, ABTS assay, TRA assay, FRAP assay and TAC assay. In hydroalcoholic extract (SHA), ethyl acetate fraction (SEA) showed most potent activity against DPPH (IC50 = 0.008 ± 0.002 mg/mL) and ABTS (0.025 ± 0.001 mg/mL). n-Hexane fraction of SHA showed higher FRAP (28.664 ± 3.153 μmol/mL) and TAC (3.263 ± 0.325 μmol/mL) value (equivalent to ascorbic acid in μmol/mL) but showed very low yield (0.468 ± 0.018%), SBU showed higher TRA value (0.413 ± 0.309 mg/mL). The ethyl acetate fraction (SEA) can be a choice for antioxidant as it showed second highest FRAP (19.547 ± 2.119 μmol/mL) and TAC (2.750 ± 0.466 μmol/mL) with better yield (2.473 ± 0.594%) as compared to n-hexane (SH) fractions (0.468 ± 0.018%).
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- A. Aleem and H. Kabir, J. Drug Deliv. Ther., 8, 73 (2018); https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5-s.1957
- V. Kumar and J. Van Staden, Front. Pharmacol., 6, 308 (2016); https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2015.00308
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- J.S. Negi, P. Singh and B. Rawat, Curr. Res. Chem., 3, 1 (2010); https://doi.org/10.3923/crc.2011.1.15
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- P. Kaur, D. Kumar Pandey, R.C. Gupta and A. Dey, Ind. Crops Prod., 132, 449 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.02.055
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References
A. Aleem and H. Kabir, J. Drug Deliv. Ther., 8, 73 (2018); https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5-s.1957
V. Kumar and J. Van Staden, Front. Pharmacol., 6, 308 (2016); https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2015.00308
W. Yu, M. Ma, X. Chen, J. Min, L. Li, Y. Zheng, Y. Li, J. Wang and Q. Wang, Am. J. Chin. Med., 45, 1 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X1750001X
V. Sharma, N. Srivastava, B. Kamal, A.K. Dobriyal and V.S. Jadon, J. Pharm. Res., 4, 1784 (2011).
J.S. Negi, P. Singh and B. Rawat, Curr. Res. Chem., 3, 1 (2010); https://doi.org/10.3923/crc.2011.1.15
Anonymous, Wealth of India, A Dictionary of Indian Raw materials & Industrial products. Second Supplement series (Raw material). National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, vol. 3, pp 159-161 (2009).
P. Kaur, D. Kumar Pandey, R.C. Gupta and A. Dey, Ind. Crops Prod., 132, 449 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.02.055
G. Brahmachari, S. Mondal, A. Gangopadhyay, B. Mukhopadhyay, D. Gorai, S. Saha and A.K. Brahmachari, Chem. Biodivers., 1, 1627 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200490123
M. Singh, R. Mohan, S. Mishra, N. Goyal, K. Shanker, N. Gupta and B. Kumar, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 164, 302 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2018.10.054
H. Yin, L. Zou, Y. Sheng, X. Bai, Q. Liu and B. Yan, Anal. Sci., 34, 207 (2018); https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.34.207
J.S. Negi, P. Singh, G.J. Pant and M.S.M. Rawat, Med. Plants J. Phytomed. Rel. Ind., 1, 97 (2009); https://doi.org/10.5958/j.0975-4261.1.2.012
ICH Guideline, Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology, International Conference on Harmonization, Topic Q2 (R1), Geneva, Switzerland, November (2005).
I.F.F. Benzie and J.J. Strain, Methods Enzymol., 299, 15 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99005-5
D. Ahmed, M. Khan and R. Saeed, Antioxidants, 4, 394 (2015); https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox4020394