Copyright (c) 2018 AJC
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Dispersed p-(p'-Ethoxy benzylidene)-p-cyano aniline Mesogen: Statistical and Spectral Analysis
Corresponding Author(s) : Shaik Salma Begum
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 30 No. 9 (2018): Vol 30 Issue 9
Abstract
Bathochromic shift in terms of temperature was noticed in p-(p'-ethoxy benzylidene)-p-cyano aniline (EBCA) on dispersion of nano ZnO particles and all the computed optical properties like birefringence, absorption coefficient, phase retardation, order parameter, etc. through statistical method of textures exhibit hypsochromic shift in their values. These changes were assigned to perturbation of lattice arrangement of host EBCA mesogen due to nano ZnO particles. The present studies also confirm the controversial behaviour of material when brought to nano size. Techniques involved in the current investigation are polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning caloriemetry, powder X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and statistical analysis using MatLab. Detailed analyses of observed changes in nano dispersed p-(p'-ethoxy benzylidene)-p-cyano aniline (EBCA) were reported.
Keywords
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- H. Eskalena, S. Ozgan, U. Alverc and S. Kerl and Acta Phys. Pol. A, 127, 756 (2015); https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.127.756.
- S.-T. Wu, U. Efron and L.V.D. Hess, Appl. Opt., 23, 3911 (1984); https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.23.003911.
- P. Kohns, J. Schirmer, A.A. Muravski, S.Y. Yakovenko, V. Bezborodov and R. Dãbrowski, Liq. Cryst., 21, 841 (1996); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678299608032900.
- T. Akahane, T. Tako and S. Masubuchi, Opt. Acta Int. J. Opt., 26, 943 (1979); https://doi.org/10.1080/713820098.
- T.A. El-Dessouki, M. Roushdy, N.I. Hendawy, M.M. Naoum and A.A. Zaki, J. Mod. Phys., 04, 39 (2013); https://doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2013.41008.
- S. Chandrasekhar and D. Krishnamurti, Phys. Lett., 23, 459 (1966); https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9163(66)91094-8.
- R. Kandasamy, M. Yamanaka, Y. Izawa and S. Nakai, Opt. Rev., 7, 149 (2000); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-000-0149-z.
- G. Pelzl and A. Hauser, Phase Trans., 37, 33 (1991); https://doi.org/10.1080/01411599108203447.
- T.T. Nguyen, G.-R. Han, C.-H. Jang and H. Ju, Int. J. Nanomed., 10, 25 (2015); https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S88286.
- R.G. Horn, J. Phys. (France), 39, 105 (1978); https://doi.org/10.1051/jphys:01978003901010500.
- K.V.S.N. Raju, S.S. Begum and S. Babu, J. Pharm. Sci. Res., 9, 269 (2017).
- G. Si, Y. Zhao, E.S.P. Leong and Y.J. Liu, Materials, 7, 1296 (2014); https://doi.org/10.3390/ma7021296.
- S.S. Sastry, S.T. Ha, B. Gowri Sankara Rao, K. Mallika and T.V. Kumari, Liq. Cryst., 39, 1414 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2012.719041.
- S.S. Sastry, S. Kumar , T.V. Kumari, K. Mallika, B.G.S. Rao and H.S. Tiong, Liq. Cryst., 39, 1527 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2012.725870.
- A. Tamburini, P. Pitò, A. Cipollina, G. Micale and M. Ciofalo, J. Membr. Sci., 447, 260 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2013.06.043.
- B.T.P. Madhav, P. Pardhasaradhi, R.K.N.R. Manepalli, P.V.V. Kishore and V.G.K.M. Pisipati, Liq. Cryst., 42, 1329 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2015.1050704.
- J.P.F. Lagerwall and G. Scalia, Curr. Appl. Phys., 12, 1387 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2012.03.019.
- G.J. Vroege and H.N.W. Lekkerkerker, Rep. Prog. Phys., 55, 1241 (1992); https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/55/8/003.
- C.P. Lapointe, T.G. Mason and I.I. Smalyukh, Science, 326, 1083 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1176587.
- B. In-Su, S.Y. Jeon, S.H. Lee, K.A. Park, S.H. Jeong, K.H. An and Y.H. Lee, Appl. Phys. Lett., 87, 263110 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2158509.
- I. Haller and I.B.M. Thomas, Progr. Solid State Chem., 10, 103 (1975); https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6786(75)90008-4.
- H. Sackmann and D. Demus, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 21, 239 (1973); https://doi.org/10.1080/15421407308083321.
- G.R. Luckhurst and C.A. Veracini, The Molecular Dynamics of Liquid Crystals, ASI series: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, vol. 431 (2012).
- F. Castles, S.M. Morris and H.J. Coles, AIP Adv., 1, 032120 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3624725.
- R. Van Deun, D. Moors, B. De Fré and K. Binnemans, J. Mater. Chem., 13, 1520 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1039/B305158G.
- S. Orlandi, E. Benini, I. Miglioli, D.R. Evans, V. Reshetnyak and C. Zannoni, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 18, 2428 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CP05754J.
- C.-Y. Tang, S.-M. Huang and W. Lee, J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys., 44, 355102 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/44/35/355102.
- S. Al-Zangana, M. Iliut, M. Turner, A. Vijayaraghavan and I. Dierking, Adv. Opt. Mater., 4, 1541 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201600351.
- W.-Z. Chen, Y.-T. Tsai and T.-H. Lin, Appl. Phys. Lett., 94, 201114 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3142390.
- A. Lorenz, N. Zimmermann, S. Kumar and R. Dean, Phys. Rev. E., 86, 051704 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.86.051704.
- W.S. Koo, H.K. Chung, H.G. Park, J.J. Han, H.C. Jeong, M.J. Cho, D.H. Kim and D.S. Seo, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 14, 8609 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2014.9953.
- M. Akimoto, S. Kundu, K. Isomura, I. Hirayama, S. Kobayashi and K. Takatoh, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 508, 363 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1080/15421400903058130.
- H. Eskalen, S. Özgan, Ü. Alver and S. Kerli, Acta Phys. Pol., 127, 756 (2015); https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.127.756.
- F. Haraguchi, K.-i. Inoue, N. Toshima, S. Kobayashi and K. Takatoh, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 46, L796 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.46.L796.
- S.S. Sastry, K. Mallika, T. Vishwam, S. Lakshminarayana and H.S. Tiong, Liq. Cryst., 41, 558 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2013.865798.
- Ch.L. Vineeral, G. Tirumala, S.T. Ha and S.S. Sastry, Int. J. Eng. Res Appl., 7, 5 (2017); https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0708030513.
- R.C. Gonzalez, R.E. Woods and S.L. Eddins, Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB, Dorling Kindersley, Delhi (India), p. 13 (2004).
- R. Manohar, S.P. Yadav, A.K. Srivastava, A.K. Misra, K.K. Pandey, P.K. Sharma and A.C. Pandey, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 48, 101501 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.48.101501.
References
H. Eskalena, S. Ozgan, U. Alverc and S. Kerl and Acta Phys. Pol. A, 127, 756 (2015); https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.127.756.
S.-T. Wu, U. Efron and L.V.D. Hess, Appl. Opt., 23, 3911 (1984); https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.23.003911.
P. Kohns, J. Schirmer, A.A. Muravski, S.Y. Yakovenko, V. Bezborodov and R. Dãbrowski, Liq. Cryst., 21, 841 (1996); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678299608032900.
T. Akahane, T. Tako and S. Masubuchi, Opt. Acta Int. J. Opt., 26, 943 (1979); https://doi.org/10.1080/713820098.
T.A. El-Dessouki, M. Roushdy, N.I. Hendawy, M.M. Naoum and A.A. Zaki, J. Mod. Phys., 04, 39 (2013); https://doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2013.41008.
S. Chandrasekhar and D. Krishnamurti, Phys. Lett., 23, 459 (1966); https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9163(66)91094-8.
R. Kandasamy, M. Yamanaka, Y. Izawa and S. Nakai, Opt. Rev., 7, 149 (2000); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-000-0149-z.
G. Pelzl and A. Hauser, Phase Trans., 37, 33 (1991); https://doi.org/10.1080/01411599108203447.
T.T. Nguyen, G.-R. Han, C.-H. Jang and H. Ju, Int. J. Nanomed., 10, 25 (2015); https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S88286.
R.G. Horn, J. Phys. (France), 39, 105 (1978); https://doi.org/10.1051/jphys:01978003901010500.
K.V.S.N. Raju, S.S. Begum and S. Babu, J. Pharm. Sci. Res., 9, 269 (2017).
G. Si, Y. Zhao, E.S.P. Leong and Y.J. Liu, Materials, 7, 1296 (2014); https://doi.org/10.3390/ma7021296.
S.S. Sastry, S.T. Ha, B. Gowri Sankara Rao, K. Mallika and T.V. Kumari, Liq. Cryst., 39, 1414 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2012.719041.
S.S. Sastry, S. Kumar , T.V. Kumari, K. Mallika, B.G.S. Rao and H.S. Tiong, Liq. Cryst., 39, 1527 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2012.725870.
A. Tamburini, P. Pitò, A. Cipollina, G. Micale and M. Ciofalo, J. Membr. Sci., 447, 260 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2013.06.043.
B.T.P. Madhav, P. Pardhasaradhi, R.K.N.R. Manepalli, P.V.V. Kishore and V.G.K.M. Pisipati, Liq. Cryst., 42, 1329 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2015.1050704.
J.P.F. Lagerwall and G. Scalia, Curr. Appl. Phys., 12, 1387 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2012.03.019.
G.J. Vroege and H.N.W. Lekkerkerker, Rep. Prog. Phys., 55, 1241 (1992); https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/55/8/003.
C.P. Lapointe, T.G. Mason and I.I. Smalyukh, Science, 326, 1083 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1176587.
B. In-Su, S.Y. Jeon, S.H. Lee, K.A. Park, S.H. Jeong, K.H. An and Y.H. Lee, Appl. Phys. Lett., 87, 263110 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2158509.
I. Haller and I.B.M. Thomas, Progr. Solid State Chem., 10, 103 (1975); https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6786(75)90008-4.
H. Sackmann and D. Demus, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 21, 239 (1973); https://doi.org/10.1080/15421407308083321.
G.R. Luckhurst and C.A. Veracini, The Molecular Dynamics of Liquid Crystals, ASI series: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, vol. 431 (2012).
F. Castles, S.M. Morris and H.J. Coles, AIP Adv., 1, 032120 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3624725.
R. Van Deun, D. Moors, B. De Fré and K. Binnemans, J. Mater. Chem., 13, 1520 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1039/B305158G.
S. Orlandi, E. Benini, I. Miglioli, D.R. Evans, V. Reshetnyak and C. Zannoni, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 18, 2428 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CP05754J.
C.-Y. Tang, S.-M. Huang and W. Lee, J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys., 44, 355102 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/44/35/355102.
S. Al-Zangana, M. Iliut, M. Turner, A. Vijayaraghavan and I. Dierking, Adv. Opt. Mater., 4, 1541 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201600351.
W.-Z. Chen, Y.-T. Tsai and T.-H. Lin, Appl. Phys. Lett., 94, 201114 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3142390.
A. Lorenz, N. Zimmermann, S. Kumar and R. Dean, Phys. Rev. E., 86, 051704 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.86.051704.
W.S. Koo, H.K. Chung, H.G. Park, J.J. Han, H.C. Jeong, M.J. Cho, D.H. Kim and D.S. Seo, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 14, 8609 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2014.9953.
M. Akimoto, S. Kundu, K. Isomura, I. Hirayama, S. Kobayashi and K. Takatoh, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 508, 363 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1080/15421400903058130.
H. Eskalen, S. Özgan, Ü. Alver and S. Kerli, Acta Phys. Pol., 127, 756 (2015); https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.127.756.
F. Haraguchi, K.-i. Inoue, N. Toshima, S. Kobayashi and K. Takatoh, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 46, L796 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.46.L796.
S.S. Sastry, K. Mallika, T. Vishwam, S. Lakshminarayana and H.S. Tiong, Liq. Cryst., 41, 558 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2013.865798.
Ch.L. Vineeral, G. Tirumala, S.T. Ha and S.S. Sastry, Int. J. Eng. Res Appl., 7, 5 (2017); https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0708030513.
R.C. Gonzalez, R.E. Woods and S.L. Eddins, Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB, Dorling Kindersley, Delhi (India), p. 13 (2004).
R. Manohar, S.P. Yadav, A.K. Srivastava, A.K. Misra, K.K. Pandey, P.K. Sharma and A.C. Pandey, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 48, 101501 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.48.101501.