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Vol. 33 No. 4 (2021): Vol 33 Issue 4

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Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Smoke Particulates at Three Different Combustion Stages from Burning of Rhizophora apiculate, Melaleuca leucadendron and Hevea brasiliensis Wood

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23125
T.H. Seng
Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
S. Suratman
Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
M.R. Abas
Chemistry Department, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
N.M. Tahir
Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

Corresponding Author(s) : S. Suratman

miman@umt.edu.my

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 33 No. 4 (2021): Vol 33 Issue 4

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to characterize and determine the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted in smoke particulates from burning of Rhizophora apiculata, Melaleuca leucadendron and Hevea brasilensis at the smouldering, flaming and charring stages. Smoke particulates were sampled using a total suspended particulate Hi-volume sampler (HVS) at a rate of 1.13 m3/min and PAHs were extracted with a mixture of dichloromethane-methanol (3:1 v/v) using ultrasonic agitation. Fractionation of PAHs was carried out on an alumina-silica column and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that most of the samples exhibited the highest total identified PAHs in the smouldering stage with formation of PAHs with three rings or more increasing from the smouldering to flaming stages and reducing as combustion entered the charring stage. Naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene were the dominant PAHs detected in the wood smoke particulates, depending on combustion stage. Overall the emission and formation of PAHs are strongly dependent on combustion stage as well as other factors such as wood morphology, species, moisture content and combustion temperature.

Keywords

Smoke aerosols Biomass burning Combustion process Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Seng, T., Suratman, S., Abas, M., & Tahir, N. (2021). Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Smoke Particulates at Three Different Combustion Stages from Burning of Rhizophora apiculate, Melaleuca leucadendron and Hevea brasiliensis Wood. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 33(4), 892–896. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23125
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