Copyright (c) 2018 AJC
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Determination of Trace Element Contents of Some Spice Samples by Using FAAS
Corresponding Author(s) : Fevzi Kiliçel
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 30 No. 7 (2018): Vol 30 Issue 7
Abstract
This study purposed to analyze the concentrations of 10 trace elements in aromatic spices (cinnamon, cumin, ginger, black pepper, red pepper and powdered pepper) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), after wet burning method. The analytical method was validated by linearity, detection limits, accuracy and recovery experiments values in all cases. The concentration of trace elements were measured in the range of 17.13–28.62, 3.09–8.57, 122.9–482.0, 492–999 and 28490–69630 mg kg-1 in order of zinc, copper, manganese, magnesium and calcium ions. As the toxic elemental contents were measured in the range of 1.61–14.06, 16.83–23.43, 27.03–56.07, 6.15–15.79 and 702–991 mg kg-1 in order of cobalt, lead, nickel, chromium and iron. The results were compared with the literature values. Pb, Ni, Fe and Cr elements are above the permissible limits and other elements are found to be at standard levels.
Keywords
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- C. Karadas and D. Kara, Food Chem., 130, 196 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.006.
- C.G. Fraga, Mol. Aspects Med., 26, 235 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2005.07.013.
- P.C. Onianwa, J.A. Lawal, A.A. Ogunkeye and B.M. Orejimi, J. Food Compos. Anal., 13, 961 (2000); https://doi.org/10.1006/jfca.2000.0944.
- A.S. Mildvan, Enzymes, 2, 445 (1970); https://doi.org/10.1016/S1874-6047(08)60188-2.
- R.M. Tripathi, R. Raghunath, V.N. Sastry and T.M. Krishnamoorthy, Sci. Total Environ., 227, 229 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00018-2.
- E. Muñoz and S. Palmero, Food Control, 15, 635 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2003.10.006.
- S. Suárez-Luque, I. Mato, J.F. Huidobro and J. Simal-Lozano, Int. Dairy J., 17, 896 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2006.12.004.
- V. Singh and A.N. Garg, Food Chem., 94, 81 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.10.053.
- P. Cava-Montesinos, E. Ródenas-Torralba, Á. Morales-Rubio, M. Luisa Cervera and M. de la Guardia, Anal. Chim. Acta, 506, 145 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2003.11.023.
- N. Khan, J.Y. Choi, E.Y. Nho, N. Jamila, G. Habte, J.H. Hong, I.M. Hwang and K.S. Kim, Food Chem., 158, 200 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.103.
- Y.W. Park, Small Rumin. Res., 37, 115 (2000); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(99)00144-3.
- E. Kondyli, M.C. Katsiari and L.P. Voutsinas, Food Chem., 100, 226 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.038.
- C.S. Kira and V.A. Maihara, Food Chem., 100, 390 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.014.
- M. Chudzinska and D. Baralkiewicz, Food Chem. Toxicol., 49, 2741 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.08.014.
- N. Khan, I.S. Jeong, I.M. Hwang, J.S. Kim, S.H. Choi, E.Y. Nho, J.Y. Choi, B.-M. Kwak, J.-H. Ahn, T. Yoon and K.S. Kim, Food Chem., 141, 3566 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.034.
- N. Khan, I.S. Jeong, I.M. Hwang, J.S. Kim, S.H. Choi, E.Y. Nho, J.Y. Choi, K.S. Park and K.S. Kim, Food Chem., 147, 220 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.147.
- E.J. Llorent-Martínez, M.F. De Córdova, A. Ruiz-Medina and P. OrtegaBarrales, Microchem. J., 102, 23 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2011.11.004.
- K. Srogi, Anal. Lett., 41, 677 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1080/00032710801934445.
- A. Gonzalvez, S. Armenta, M.L. Cervera and M. De La Guardia, Talanta, 74, 1085 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.09.039.
- J. Khairiah, M.K. Zalifah, Y.H. Yin and A. Aminah, Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 7, 1438 (2004); https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2004.1438.1442.
- B. Kacar, Plant Nutrition Practice Guide, Ankara Univ. Agricultural Fac. Publ.: 900, Practice Guides, p. 214 (1984).
- World Health Organization, Quality Assurance of Pharmaceuticals: A Compendium of Guidelines and Related Materials, Good Manufacturing Practices and Inspection, World Health Organization, vol. 2 (2007)
- M. Behbahani, M. Salarian, M.M. Amini, O. Sadeghi, A. Bagheri and S. Bagheri, Food Anal. Methods, 6, 1320 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-012-9545-9.
- IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, & International Agency for Research on Cancer, Chlorinated Drinking-Water, Chlorination By-products: Some Other Halogenated Compounds, Cobalt and Cobalt Compounds, World Health Organization, vol. 52 (1991).
- C. Munita and B. Mazzilli, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 108, 217 (1987); https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02164856.
- D.G. Barceloux and D. Barceloux, J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol., 37, 201 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1081/CLT-100102420.
- M.G.M. Alam, E.T. Snow and A. Tanaka, Plant Foods Hum. Nutr., 39, 279 (2003).
- A. Sattar, M. Walid and S.K. Durrani, Plants Food Human Nutr., 39, 279 (1989); https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01091938.
- Turkish Food Codex (TFC), Official Gazette of Republic of Turkey, Notifications about Determination of the Maximum Levels for Certain Contaminants in Foodstuffs of Turkish Food Codex, Notification No: 2002/63, Issue: 24885 (2002) (in Turkish).
- Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives & World Health Organization. Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants: Twenty sixth report of the Joint FA, Geneva (1982).
- World Health Organization, Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, World Health Organization, vol. 1 (2004)
- M. Tuzen, Food Chem. Toxicol., 47, 1785 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.04.029.
- T.K. Grimsrud and A. Andersen, J. Occup. Med. Toxicol., 5, 7 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6673-5-7.
- K.W. Barnes, Atomic Spectroscopy-norwalk Connecticut, 18, 84 (1997).
- M.J. Franz, E.S. Horton, J.P. Bantle, C.A. Beebe, J.D. Brunzell, A.M. Coulston, R.R. Henry, B.J. Hoogwerf and P.W. Stacpoole, Diabetes Care, 17, 490 (1994); https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.17.5.490.
- J.G. Bieri and M.C. McKenna, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 34, 289 (1981); https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/34.2.289.
- E. Zahir, I.I. Naqvi and S.M. Uddin, J. Basic Appl. Sci., 5, 47 (2009).
- M. Ghaedi, A. Shokrollahi, K. Niknam, E. Niknam, A. Najibi and M. Soylak, J. Hazard. Mater., 168, 1022 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.02.130.
- T.H. Lim, T. Sargent 3rd and N. Kusubov, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 244, R445 (1983); https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1983.244.4.R445.
- A. Zahoor, M. Jaffar and M. Saqib, Nutr. Food Sci., 33, 203 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1108/00346650310499712.
- J. Usero, E. Gonzalez-Regalado and I. Gracia, Environ. Int., 23, 291 (1997); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-4120(97)00030-5.
- J. Richir and S. Gobert, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 89, 390 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.08.030.
- J. Richir, M. Salivas-Decaux, C. Lafabrie, C. Lopez y Royo, S. Gobert, G. Pergent and C. Pergent-Martini, J. Environ. Manage., 151, 486 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.11.015.
- G.T. Bakirci, F. Cakmak and D. Özdemir, Ege Bölgesinde Satisa Sunulan Kuru Üzümlerde Okratoksin A ve Küf Iliþkisi.
References
C. Karadas and D. Kara, Food Chem., 130, 196 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.006.
C.G. Fraga, Mol. Aspects Med., 26, 235 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2005.07.013.
P.C. Onianwa, J.A. Lawal, A.A. Ogunkeye and B.M. Orejimi, J. Food Compos. Anal., 13, 961 (2000); https://doi.org/10.1006/jfca.2000.0944.
A.S. Mildvan, Enzymes, 2, 445 (1970); https://doi.org/10.1016/S1874-6047(08)60188-2.
R.M. Tripathi, R. Raghunath, V.N. Sastry and T.M. Krishnamoorthy, Sci. Total Environ., 227, 229 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00018-2.
E. Muñoz and S. Palmero, Food Control, 15, 635 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2003.10.006.
S. Suárez-Luque, I. Mato, J.F. Huidobro and J. Simal-Lozano, Int. Dairy J., 17, 896 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2006.12.004.
V. Singh and A.N. Garg, Food Chem., 94, 81 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.10.053.
P. Cava-Montesinos, E. Ródenas-Torralba, Á. Morales-Rubio, M. Luisa Cervera and M. de la Guardia, Anal. Chim. Acta, 506, 145 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2003.11.023.
N. Khan, J.Y. Choi, E.Y. Nho, N. Jamila, G. Habte, J.H. Hong, I.M. Hwang and K.S. Kim, Food Chem., 158, 200 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.103.
Y.W. Park, Small Rumin. Res., 37, 115 (2000); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(99)00144-3.
E. Kondyli, M.C. Katsiari and L.P. Voutsinas, Food Chem., 100, 226 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.038.
C.S. Kira and V.A. Maihara, Food Chem., 100, 390 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.014.
M. Chudzinska and D. Baralkiewicz, Food Chem. Toxicol., 49, 2741 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.08.014.
N. Khan, I.S. Jeong, I.M. Hwang, J.S. Kim, S.H. Choi, E.Y. Nho, J.Y. Choi, B.-M. Kwak, J.-H. Ahn, T. Yoon and K.S. Kim, Food Chem., 141, 3566 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.034.
N. Khan, I.S. Jeong, I.M. Hwang, J.S. Kim, S.H. Choi, E.Y. Nho, J.Y. Choi, K.S. Park and K.S. Kim, Food Chem., 147, 220 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.147.
E.J. Llorent-Martínez, M.F. De Córdova, A. Ruiz-Medina and P. OrtegaBarrales, Microchem. J., 102, 23 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2011.11.004.
K. Srogi, Anal. Lett., 41, 677 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1080/00032710801934445.
A. Gonzalvez, S. Armenta, M.L. Cervera and M. De La Guardia, Talanta, 74, 1085 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.09.039.
J. Khairiah, M.K. Zalifah, Y.H. Yin and A. Aminah, Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 7, 1438 (2004); https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2004.1438.1442.
B. Kacar, Plant Nutrition Practice Guide, Ankara Univ. Agricultural Fac. Publ.: 900, Practice Guides, p. 214 (1984).
World Health Organization, Quality Assurance of Pharmaceuticals: A Compendium of Guidelines and Related Materials, Good Manufacturing Practices and Inspection, World Health Organization, vol. 2 (2007)
M. Behbahani, M. Salarian, M.M. Amini, O. Sadeghi, A. Bagheri and S. Bagheri, Food Anal. Methods, 6, 1320 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-012-9545-9.
IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, & International Agency for Research on Cancer, Chlorinated Drinking-Water, Chlorination By-products: Some Other Halogenated Compounds, Cobalt and Cobalt Compounds, World Health Organization, vol. 52 (1991).
C. Munita and B. Mazzilli, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 108, 217 (1987); https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02164856.
D.G. Barceloux and D. Barceloux, J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol., 37, 201 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1081/CLT-100102420.
M.G.M. Alam, E.T. Snow and A. Tanaka, Plant Foods Hum. Nutr., 39, 279 (2003).
A. Sattar, M. Walid and S.K. Durrani, Plants Food Human Nutr., 39, 279 (1989); https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01091938.
Turkish Food Codex (TFC), Official Gazette of Republic of Turkey, Notifications about Determination of the Maximum Levels for Certain Contaminants in Foodstuffs of Turkish Food Codex, Notification No: 2002/63, Issue: 24885 (2002) (in Turkish).
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives & World Health Organization. Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants: Twenty sixth report of the Joint FA, Geneva (1982).
World Health Organization, Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, World Health Organization, vol. 1 (2004)
M. Tuzen, Food Chem. Toxicol., 47, 1785 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.04.029.
T.K. Grimsrud and A. Andersen, J. Occup. Med. Toxicol., 5, 7 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6673-5-7.
K.W. Barnes, Atomic Spectroscopy-norwalk Connecticut, 18, 84 (1997).
M.J. Franz, E.S. Horton, J.P. Bantle, C.A. Beebe, J.D. Brunzell, A.M. Coulston, R.R. Henry, B.J. Hoogwerf and P.W. Stacpoole, Diabetes Care, 17, 490 (1994); https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.17.5.490.
J.G. Bieri and M.C. McKenna, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 34, 289 (1981); https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/34.2.289.
E. Zahir, I.I. Naqvi and S.M. Uddin, J. Basic Appl. Sci., 5, 47 (2009).
M. Ghaedi, A. Shokrollahi, K. Niknam, E. Niknam, A. Najibi and M. Soylak, J. Hazard. Mater., 168, 1022 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.02.130.
T.H. Lim, T. Sargent 3rd and N. Kusubov, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 244, R445 (1983); https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1983.244.4.R445.
A. Zahoor, M. Jaffar and M. Saqib, Nutr. Food Sci., 33, 203 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1108/00346650310499712.
J. Usero, E. Gonzalez-Regalado and I. Gracia, Environ. Int., 23, 291 (1997); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-4120(97)00030-5.
J. Richir and S. Gobert, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 89, 390 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.08.030.
J. Richir, M. Salivas-Decaux, C. Lafabrie, C. Lopez y Royo, S. Gobert, G. Pergent and C. Pergent-Martini, J. Environ. Manage., 151, 486 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.11.015.
G.T. Bakirci, F. Cakmak and D. Özdemir, Ege Bölgesinde Satisa Sunulan Kuru Üzümlerde Okratoksin A ve Küf Iliþkisi.