Synthesis of Fatliquor from Palm Oil and Hydroxyl-Terminated Organosilicon

Abstract

Leather making processes usually require the addition of fatliquoring agents to separate the leather fibers from each other for promoting leather hand feeling and softness. The fatliquoring agents are mainly chemically modified products of animal and vegetable oils. In terms of the fatty acid components, palm oil is suitable as a raw material for fatliquoring agent preparation. Organosilicon has been increasingly used in leather making process due to its excellent properties. In this paper, an organosilicon modified palm oil fatliquoring agent was synthesized by 4 step processes i.e., amidation with diethanolamine, grafting with low molecular weight hydroxyterminated silicone oil, esterification with maleic anhydride and sulfonation with sodium bisulfite. The molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature and time on conversion rate of diethanolamine in amidation were explored. In grafting action, esterification and sulfonation, the influence of the mass percentage of reactants on the emulsion stability and fatliquoring properties of the final product was explored. Simultaneously, the reaction temperature and time on conversion rate of hydroxy-terminated silicone oil in grafting action and maleic anhydride in esterification were investigated. The FT-IR spectra analyses showed that under optimal conditions the goal resultants were obtained. The route of synthesis and the best conditions of preparing organosilicon modified palm oil fatliquor were determined.