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Improvement of Thermal Properties of Poly(vinyl chloride) Using Chemical Blending Assisted Ultrasonic Technique
Corresponding Author(s) : Azza Al-Ghamdi
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 29 No. 10 (2017): Vol 29 Issue 10
Abstract
The thermal stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride) through blending techniques has been studied. Poly(vinyl chloride) was blended with modified polymer (cellulose acetate-diallyl amine) in different compositions to improve the thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride). The thermal stability and morphology of the blend films were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermogravimetry. The results revealed that the presence of modified cellulose acetate improved the thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride). This was attributed to the thermal stable diallylamine moieties among the cellulose acetate chains. The addition of traces of maleimide derivatives to poly(vinyl chloride) prior to the blend process led to an extra thermal stability of the blend film as shown from the values of the initial decomposition temperature (To) measured by thermogravimetry.
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- N. Mohamed and M. Sabaa, Eur. Polym. J., 35, 1731 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-3057(98)00257-2.
- A. Abdel-Naby and M. El-Hefnawy, Polym. Test., 22, 25 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9418(02)00044-2.
- A. Abdel-Naby, Am. J. Appl. Sci., 8, 675 (2011); https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2011.675.680.
- A. Abdel-Naby and A. Al-Ghamdi, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 70, 124 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.06.033.
- W.H. Starnes, J.A. Wallach and H. Yao, Macromolecules, 30, 676 (1997); https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9520252.
- N.A. Mohamed and W.M. Al-Magribi, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 82, 421 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00194-0.
- A. Abdel-Naby and A. Al Dossary, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 14, 175 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20165.
- A. Torikai and H. Hasegawa, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 63, 441 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00125-6.
- C. Banzato, V. Massimo, C. Fiorucci, B. Vigna and S. Papale, Am. J. Environ. Sci., 7, 1 (2011); https://doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2011.1.14.
- A. Yassin, M. Sabaa and A. Abdel-Naby, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 31, 189 (1991); https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(91)90074-2.
- A. Abdel-Naby and A. Youssef, Polym. Int., 46, 336 (1998); https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(199808)46:4<336::AIDPI34>3.0.CO;2-B.
- A.S. Andel-Naby, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 5, 159 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.10326.
- A. Abdel-Naby, R. Al-Ghamdi and A. Al-Ghamdi, J. Addit. Technol., 16, 15 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20225.
- Z. Vymazal, K. Volka, M.W. Sabaa and Z. Vymazalová, Eur. Polym. J.,19, 63 (1983); https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(83)90103-9.
- M.K. Naqvi, P.A. Unnikrishnan, Y.N. Sharma and I.S. Bhardwaj, Eur. Polym. J., 20, 95 (1984); https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(84)90231-3.
- A. Abdel-Naby, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 7, 244 (2001); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.10296.
- A. Abdel-Naby and A. Al Dossary, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 14, 167 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20159.
- A. Abdel-Naby and A. Al-Ghamdi, Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., 3, 10 (2014).
- G. Zaikov, Chemistry of Polysaccharides, Taylor & Francis Group, USA (2005).
- M.W. Sabaa, M.G. Mikheal, A.A. Yassin and M.Z. Elsabee, Angew. Makromol. Chem., 139, 95 (1986); https://doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1986.051390110.
References
N. Mohamed and M. Sabaa, Eur. Polym. J., 35, 1731 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-3057(98)00257-2.
A. Abdel-Naby and M. El-Hefnawy, Polym. Test., 22, 25 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9418(02)00044-2.
A. Abdel-Naby, Am. J. Appl. Sci., 8, 675 (2011); https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2011.675.680.
A. Abdel-Naby and A. Al-Ghamdi, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 70, 124 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.06.033.
W.H. Starnes, J.A. Wallach and H. Yao, Macromolecules, 30, 676 (1997); https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9520252.
N.A. Mohamed and W.M. Al-Magribi, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 82, 421 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00194-0.
A. Abdel-Naby and A. Al Dossary, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 14, 175 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20165.
A. Torikai and H. Hasegawa, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 63, 441 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00125-6.
C. Banzato, V. Massimo, C. Fiorucci, B. Vigna and S. Papale, Am. J. Environ. Sci., 7, 1 (2011); https://doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2011.1.14.
A. Yassin, M. Sabaa and A. Abdel-Naby, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 31, 189 (1991); https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(91)90074-2.
A. Abdel-Naby and A. Youssef, Polym. Int., 46, 336 (1998); https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(199808)46:4<336::AIDPI34>3.0.CO;2-B.
A.S. Andel-Naby, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 5, 159 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.10326.
A. Abdel-Naby, R. Al-Ghamdi and A. Al-Ghamdi, J. Addit. Technol., 16, 15 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20225.
Z. Vymazal, K. Volka, M.W. Sabaa and Z. Vymazalová, Eur. Polym. J.,19, 63 (1983); https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(83)90103-9.
M.K. Naqvi, P.A. Unnikrishnan, Y.N. Sharma and I.S. Bhardwaj, Eur. Polym. J., 20, 95 (1984); https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(84)90231-3.
A. Abdel-Naby, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 7, 244 (2001); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.10296.
A. Abdel-Naby and A. Al Dossary, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 14, 167 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20159.
A. Abdel-Naby and A. Al-Ghamdi, Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., 3, 10 (2014).
G. Zaikov, Chemistry of Polysaccharides, Taylor & Francis Group, USA (2005).
M.W. Sabaa, M.G. Mikheal, A.A. Yassin and M.Z. Elsabee, Angew. Makromol. Chem., 139, 95 (1986); https://doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1986.051390110.