Preconcentration of Cd(II) Using Derivative Sulfonamide and Determination in Water Samples and Paraffin-Embedded Tissues from Liver Loggerhead Turtles Specimens by FAAS

Abstract

A simple and reproducible method for the rapid extraction and determination of trace amounts of Cd(II) ions using N,N'-dimethylthioureasulfonamide resin and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) is presented. Metal determinations at low concentration levels (≤ ng mL^-1) comprise one of most important targets in analytical chemistry. As a result, interest in preconcentration techniques still continues increasingly for trace metal determinations by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) due to the high accuracy of this method. In this work, N,N'-dimethylthioureasulfonamide resin was synthesized, characterized and applied as a sorption material for determinations of Cd(II) ions in water samples. The method is based on the sorption of Cd(II) ions on the synthesized resin without using any complexing reagent. The optimization of experimental conditions was performed using factorial design including pH, amount of resin, contact time, first sample volume and final eluent volume. Using the experimental conditions defined in the optimization, the method was applied to the determination and preconcentration of Cd(II) at ng mL^-1 level in natural water. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used for trace metal determinations. Here, the application of preconcentration techniques for trace metal determinations by FAAS for quantification of Cd in formalin-fixed paraffin- embedded (FFPE) tissues from liver loggerhead turtles is reported. This method exhibits the superiority in compare to the other adsorption reagents because of the fact that there is no necessity of any complexing reagent and optimum pH of solution presents in acidic media.