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Vol. 36 No. 12 (2024): Vol 36 Issue 12, 2024

Copyright (c) 2024 Ragaiahgari Srinivas Reddy, Bijaya Ketan Sahoo, Anna Tanuja Safala Bodapati, Shravya Rao Madku, Lavanya Kandikonda

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Entropy Driven Binding of 2-(4-Aminophenyl)benzothiazole with DNA: An Experimental and Theoretical Insights

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2024.32874
Ragaiahgari Srinivas Reddy
Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad Campus, Rudraram-502329, India; Department of Chemistry, B.V. Raju Institute of Technology, Narsapur, Hyderabad-502313, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-7700
Bijaya Ketan Sahoo
Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad Campus, Rudraram-502329, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0692-1567
Anna Tanuja Safala Bodapati
Chemistry Division, Basic Science & Humanities Department, BVRIT Hyderabad, College of Engineering for Women, Hyderabad-500090, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7690-1583
Shravya Rao Madku
Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad Campus, Rudraram-502329, India; Department of Chemistry, St. Francis College for Women, Hyderabad-500016, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8623-4304
Kandikonda Lavanya
Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad Campus, Rudraram-502329, India; Department of Chemistry, Gouthami Institute of Technology and Management for Women, Proddatur-516360, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7994-6517

Corresponding Author(s) : Bijaya Ketan Sahoo

bsahoo@gitam.edu

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 36 No. 12 (2024): Vol 36 Issue 12, 2024

Abstract

Molecular recognition driven by molecular interactions is an intricate part of drug discovery and targeted drug delivery systems due to the dependence of thetherapeutic properties of drugs on interaction with desired target biomolecules as receptors. 2-(4-Aminophenyl) benzothiazole (APB), a heterocyclic molecule containing a benzothiazole nucleus, is known to induce apoptosis besides inhibiting cancer cell development and has been found effective against different microorganisms. This study highlights the spectroscopic and theoretical investigation of binding interactions of APB and ct-DNA. The UV-vis experiments indicate a binding constant of 9.73 ± 0.4 × 105 M-1. The measured binding constants of 1.0 ± 0.2 × 105, 2.4 ± 0.3 × 105 and 3.5 ± 0.3 × 105 at 298, 303 and 308 K, respectively, from fluorescence experiments indicated a dynamic quenching type. The binding was driven by hydrophobic forces with positive ΔHº (64.8467 ± 2 KJ mol–1) and ΔSº (317.12 ± 2 J mol–1 K–1) values besides spontaneity of the process with negative ΔGº values. The binding of APB molecule in the minor groove of ct-DNA was demonstrated by DNA melting tests, viscosity measurements and site marker displacement using ethidium bromide and Hoechst. Additional studies conducted by KI provided support for minor groove binding and NaCl has no impact on the binding electrostatic interactions, while the CD investigations showed no DNA structural alterations. Molecular docking studies also confirmed the experimental findings placing APB in the ct-DNA minor groove.

Keywords

Benzothiazole DNA Fluorescence Circular dichroism Binding constant Molecular docking
Reddy, R. S., Sahoo, B. K., Bodapati, A. T. S., Madku, S. R., & Lavanya, K. (2024). Entropy Driven Binding of 2-(4-Aminophenyl)benzothiazole with DNA: An Experimental and Theoretical Insights. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 36(12), 2931–2938. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2024.32874
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