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Abstract
Tin dioxide thin films were prepared by sol-gel dip coating technique using SnCl2·2H2O and ammonium hydroxide solution. The obtained thin film slides have been annealed at different temperature (200, 400 and 600 °C) in air at constant time (90 min). Structure and surface morphology of SnO2 thin films were investigated and characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscope, UV/visible and FTIR measurements. The optical properties of SnO2 thin film were studied, such as transmittance, extinction coefficient, absorption coefficient and optical energy gap. The X-ray diffraction indicates a decreasing in crystaline size with increasing of doping concentration. The optical energy band gap was increased with the annealing temperature in range of (3.6 to 3.9) eV.
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References
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References
Y. Wang, X. Jiang and Y. Xia, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 16176 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1021/ja037743f.
P.G. Harrison and M.J. Willett, Nature, 332, 337 (1988); https://doi.org/10.1038/332337a0.
Y.S. He, J.C. Campbell, R.C. Murphy, M.F. Arendt and J.S. Swinnea, J. Mater. Res., 8, 3131 (1993); https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1993.3131.
G.E. Patil, D.D. Kajale, D.N. Chavan, N.K. Pawar, P.T. Ahire, S.D. Shinde, V.B. Gaikwad and G.H. Jain, Bull. Mater. Sci., 34, 1 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-011-0045-0.
L.C. Nehru, V. Swaminathan and C. Sanjeeviraja, Am. J. Mater. Sci., 2, 6 (2012); https://doi.org/10.5923/j.materials.20120202.02.
S. Gnanam and V. Rajendran, Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostruct., 5, 699 (2010).
N. Yamazoe, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 108, 2 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2004.12.075.
F. Gu, S.F. Wang, M.K. Lü, G.J. Zhou, D. Xu and D.R. Yuan, J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 8119 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1021/jp036741e.
K.S. Shamala, L.C.S. Murthy and K. Narasimha Rao, Bull. Mater. Sci., 27, 295 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02708520.
G. Sanon, R. Rup and A. Mansingh, Phys. Rev. B, 44, 5672 (1991); https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.44.5672.
D. Das and R. Banerjee, Thin Solid Films, 147, 321 (1987); https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(87)90028-9.
R. Dolbec, M.A. El Khakani, A.M. Serventi, M. Trudeau and R.G. Saint-Jacques, Thin Solid Films, 419, 230 (2002); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00769-1.
R. Constantin and B. Miremad, Surf. Coat. Technol., 120-121, 728 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(99)00366-7.
G. Zhang and M. Liu, J. Mater. Sci., 34, 3213 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004685907751.
M. Aziz, S. Saber Abbas and W.R. Wan Baharom, Mater. Lett., 91, 31 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.09.079.
N. Nadaud, N. Lequeux, M. Nanot, J. Jové and T. Roisnel, J. Solid State Chem., 135, 140 (1998); https://doi.org/10.1006/jssc.1997.7613.
A. Solieman, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 60, 48 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-011-2549-x.