Energy Absorption and Exposure Buildup Factors in Polymers by Nuclear Track Detectors

Esra Kavaz; Neslihan Ekinci

doi:10.14233/ajchem.2016.19783

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 8 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 8

Issue Published : April 30, 2016

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Energy Absorption and Exposure Buildup Factors in Polymers by Nuclear Track Detectors

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19783

Esra Kavaz

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey

Neslihan Ekinci

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey

Corresponding Author(s) : Neslihan Ekinci

nekinci@atauni.edu.tr

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 28 No. 8 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 8
Article Published : April 30, 2016

Abstract

The photon mass attenuation and mass energy absorption coefficients, energy dependence, effective atomic number, effective electron density and buildup factors are the fundamental quantities required in determining the penetration of X-rays and g-photons through the material. These parameters have been examined for different polymers by nuclear track detectors. The effective atomic number was found in the range of 6 < Z_PI_eff and Z_PEAeff < 8 atomic number of their constituent elements for selected polymers. Effective electron density values show similar photon energy dependence to what has been observed for Z_eff. The maximum values of energy absorption buildup factor and exposure buildup factor have been observed at 0.08 and 0.1 MeV, respectively. The significant variations in energy absorption buildup factor and exposure buildup factor for polymers have been observed at the moderate energy region. Besides, effect of variations in chemical composition of the given materials has also been observed to the energy absorption buildup factor and exposure buildup factor values. At energies below 0.15 MeV, energy absorption buildup factor and exposure buildup factor values increase with decreasing Z_eq of the samples. At 1.5 MeV, where only Compton scattering is the dominant interaction process, values of energy absorption buildup factor and exposure buildup factor seem to be independent of chemical composition of the polymers. It has been concluded that the buildup of photons is less in cellulose nitrate when compared with other materials.

Keywords

Solid state nuclear track detectors Buildup factors Effective atomic number Effective electron density

Kavaz, E., & Ekinci, N. (2016). Energy Absorption and Exposure Buildup Factors in Polymers by Nuclear Track Detectors. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 28(8), 1673–1681. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19783

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References

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References

M.E. Medhat, Ann. Nucl. Energy, 38, 1252 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2011.02.007.

V.P. Bamblevski and F. Spurny, Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas., 23, 215 (1994);

doi:10.1016/1350-4487(94)90038-8.

G.C. Venuti, A. Grisanti, G. Grisanti, S. Risica, S. Simula and R. Borio, Radiat. Prot. Dosimetry, 24, 379 (1988).

F. L' Annunziata, Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis, Chap. 3, pp. 234-245 (2012).

T. Sharma, S. Aggarwal, S. Kumar, V.K. Mittal, P.C. Kalsi and V.K. Manchanda, J. Mater. Sci., 42, 1127 (2007); doi:10.1007/s10853-006-0516-7.

S. Singh and S. Prasher, Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids, 159, 359 (2004); doi:10.1080/10420150410001731848.

D. Nikezic and K.N. Yu, Mater. Sci. Eng., 46, 51 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.mser.2004.07.003.

C. Agarwal, P.C. Kalsi and A. Ramaswami, Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids, 161, 131 (2006); doi:10.1080/10420150600575918.

S.P. Singh, T. Singh and P. Kaur, Ann. Nucl. Energy, 35, 1093 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2007.10.007.

Y. Harima, Y. Sakamoto, S. Tanaka and M. Kawai, Nucl. Sci. Eng., 94, 24 (1986).

J.H. Hubbell and S.M. Seltzer, Tables of X-ray Mass Attenuation Coefficients and Mass Energy Absorption Coefficients from 1 kev to 20 Mev for Elements Z=1 To 92 and 48 Additional Substances of Dosimetric Interest. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD20899, Report NISTIR 5632 (1995).

S.R. Manohara, S.M. Hanagodimath and L. Gerward, Phys. Med. Biol., 53, 377 (2008); doi:10.1088/0031-9155/53/20/N01.

F.H. Attix, Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosi-metry, Wiley, New York (1986).

ICRU Report 33 - Radiation Quantities and Units Pub: International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, Washington D.C. USA, issued 15 April 1980.

L. Gerward, N. Guilbert, K. Bjørn Jensen and H. Levring, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 60, 23 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0969-806X(00)00324-8.

16. L.Gerward, N.Guilbert, K.B.Jensen and H.Levring, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 71, 653 (2004).

M.J. Berger and J.H. Hubbell, 1999 XCOM: Photon Cross Sections Database; Web Version 1.2, available at http://physics.nist.gov/xcom, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, August 1999; Originally published as NBSIR 87-3597, XCOM: Photon Cross Sections on a Personal Computer (July 1987) 1987-1999.

ANSI/ANS-6, 4.3, Gamma ray Attenuation Coefficient and Buildup Factors for Engineering Materials American Nuclear Society, La Grange Park, Illinois, USA (1991).

H.C. Manjunatha and B. Rudraswamy, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 80, 14 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2010.09.004.

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 8 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 8

Energy Absorption and Exposure Buildup Factors in Polymers by Nuclear Track Detectors

Corresponding Author(s) : Neslihan Ekinci

Abstract

Keywords

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