Copyright (c) 2013 AJC
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Electrochemical Determination of Ranitidine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Fluids at Graphene Modified Electrode
Corresponding Author(s) : Liang Ming
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 25 No. 10 (2013): Vol 25 Issue 10
Abstract
A simple and sensitive method is described for electrochemical determination of ranitidine hydrochloride, a widely used histamine H2-receptor antagonist, based on its electrochemical oxidation at a graphene modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Under optimized conditions, the anodic peak current was linear to the concentration of ranitidine hydrochloride in the range from 3.0 × 10-7-1.0 × 10-4 mol/L with the detection limit of 1.0 × 10-7 mol/L. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2.6 % for 2.0 × 10-5 mol/L ranitidine hydrochloride (n = 10). To further validate its possible application, the proposed method was successfully used for the determination of ranitidine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids with satisfactory results.
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- A.S. Amin, I.S. Ahmed, H.A. Dessouki and E.A. Gouda, Spectrochim. Acta, A, 59, 695 (2003).
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- L.H. Marcolino-Junior, L.C.S. Figueiredo-Filho, H.J. Vieira and O. Fatibello-Filho, Curr. Anal. Chem., 5, 213 (2009).
- K. Basavaiah and B.C. Somashekar, J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 4, 78 (2007).
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- J.J.B. Nevado, G.C. Peñalvo and R.M.R. Dorado, Anal. Sci., 27, 427 (2011).
- C. Zhang, L. Wang, X. Guan, J.P. Fawcett, L.M. Zhao, Y.T. Sun and J.K. Gu, Chem. Res. Chin. Univ., 26, 910 (2010).
- E.Y.Z. Frag, A.M.K. Mohamed, G.G. Mohamed and E.E. Alrahmony, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 6, 3508 (2011).
- K. Vediappan and C.W. Lee, Curr. Appl. Phys., 11, 995 (2011).
- V. Pfaffen and P.I. Ortiz, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 49, 4026 (2010).
- A. Salimi, M. Izadi, R. Hallaj and M. Rashidi, Electroanalysis, 19, 1668 (2007).
- P. Norouzi, M.R. Ganjali and P. Daneshgar, J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods, 55, 289 (2007).
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- M. Zhou, Y.M. Zhai and S.J. Dong, Anal. Chem., 81, 5603 (2009).
- H.C. Schniepp, J.L. Li, M.J. McAllister, H. Sai, M. Herrera-Alonso, D.H. Adamson, R.K. Prud'homme, R. Car, D.A. Saville and I.A. Aksay, J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 8535 (2006).
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References
A.S. Amin, I.S. Ahmed, H.A. Dessouki and E.A. Gouda, Spectrochim. Acta, A, 59, 695 (2003).
W.R. de Araújo and T.R.L.C. Paixão, Electroanalysis, 23, 2549 (2011).
Editorial Committee of Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China, Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (Part II), China Medical Science Press, Beijing (2010).
S.T. Ulu and M. Tuncel, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 50, 301 (2012).
M.S. Charde, S.G. Walode, M.R. Tajne and A.V. Kasture, Asian J. Chem., 17, 2402 (2005).
Y.X. Chang, Y.Q. Qiu, L.M. Du, C.F. Li and M. Guo, Analyst, 136, 4168 (2011).
L.H. Marcolino-Junior, L.C.S. Figueiredo-Filho, H.J. Vieira and O. Fatibello-Filho, Curr. Anal. Chem., 5, 213 (2009).
K. Basavaiah and B.C. Somashekar, J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 4, 78 (2007).
Y.H. Tang, N.N. Wang, X.Y. Xiong, F.M. Xiong and S.J. Sun, Luminescence, 22, 343 (2007).
J.J.B. Nevado, G.C. Peñalvo and R.M.R. Dorado, Anal. Sci., 27, 427 (2011).
C. Zhang, L. Wang, X. Guan, J.P. Fawcett, L.M. Zhao, Y.T. Sun and J.K. Gu, Chem. Res. Chin. Univ., 26, 910 (2010).
E.Y.Z. Frag, A.M.K. Mohamed, G.G. Mohamed and E.E. Alrahmony, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 6, 3508 (2011).
K. Vediappan and C.W. Lee, Curr. Appl. Phys., 11, 995 (2011).
V. Pfaffen and P.I. Ortiz, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 49, 4026 (2010).
A. Salimi, M. Izadi, R. Hallaj and M. Rashidi, Electroanalysis, 19, 1668 (2007).
P. Norouzi, M.R. Ganjali and P. Daneshgar, J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods, 55, 289 (2007).
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M. Zhou, Y.M. Zhai and S.J. Dong, Anal. Chem., 81, 5603 (2009).
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